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    <title>SoCal Connected</title>
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    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2010-01-19:/shows/socal_connected/content//11</id>
    <updated>2012-02-06T22:11:23Z</updated>
    <subtitle>(Content) Finding and bringing you the most important and compelling stories - and voices - that shape life in our region.
</subtitle>
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<entry>
    <title>Food Fight: LAUSD&apos;s Healthier School Lunches Produce Critics</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/health/food-fight-lausds-healthier-school-lunches-draw-some-critics.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.42259</id>

    <published>2012-02-04T05:40:03Z</published>
    <updated>2012-02-06T22:11:23Z</updated>

    <summary>LAUSD beat first lady Michelle Obama to the punch by serving healthier meals starting last fall. But has the new menu worked?</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Brian Frank</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=124</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Health" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Politics" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
    <category term="food" label="food" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="foodwaste" label="food waste" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="health" label="health" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="healthydiet" label="healthy diet" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="nutrition" label="nutrition" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="schoollunch" label="school lunch" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
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        <![CDATA[<p><em>Just last week, first lady Michelle Obama announced new guidelines for more nutritious school lunches. But the Los Angeles school district has been ahead of the game. It started serving healthier meals last fall. So has it worked? Are students grabbing for apples instead of fries? Is it a food revolution, or a revolt? As Jennifer London found out, trying to please 700,000 kids is not easy. </em></p>

<p><strong>TRANSCRIPT:</strong><br />
Jennifer London: It's lunchtime at Jaime Escalante Elementary School in South L.A. At first glance it looks like nothing much has changed over the years. Kids still line up to grab their trays. They still gather around the table to gossip and giggle while they eat. But take a closer look at what they're eating: chicken pozole, vegetable tamales, and quinoa salad. This lunch looks nothing like the old days, or even like last year's lunch.</p>

<p>Students: Junk food. Oily pizza and oily junk food.</p>

<p>London: This school year the district ditched the old menu of chicken nuggets, pizza, and grilled cheese in favor of a radically different, healthy menu. The new lunch program introduced in the fall promised to purge school cafeterias of unhealthy junk food. So on the menu today we have a cornbread muffin, we have peeled carrots, we have string cheese, and the main entree is - get this — tortellini with mushrooms, garlic, spinach, in a butternut squash sauce. And then to wash it all down, the kids have low-fat milk. Pretty fancy, and it certainly isn't your father's school lunch. And that's exactly the point, according to David Binkle, deputy director for L.A. Unified food services. </p>

<p>David Binkle: It's a drastic change that we made on purpose to really come up with items that are innovative, but also they are healthier options for our children - things like California sushi rolls, like vegetable tamales.</p>

<p>London: The new exotic food puts L.A. Unified a step ahead of even the newest round of federal guidelines, introduced in late January by first lady Michelle Obama.</p>

<p>Michelle Obama [<em>stock footage</em>]: When we send our kids to school, we have a right to expect that they won't be eating the kind of fatty, salty, sugary foods that we're trying to keep them from when they're at home.</p>

<p>London: In: more fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Out: whole milk, fried foods, and salty snacks. Before introducing its new menu, at the beginning of the school year, LA Unified was under attack for contributing to childhood obesity and became the focus of a reality show hosted by celebrity chef Jamie Oliver.</p>

<p>Jamie Oliver [<em>TV clip</em>]: Is this your school lunch?  Do you know what the meat is? Does anyone know what that is? [<em>holding up a piece of food</em>] Why can't we put better food on the plate for those kids?</p>

<p>London:  Now it's getting criticized for going too far in the other direction.</p>

<p>Binkle: And so now we have people saying that our menus are too healthy.</p>

<p>London: And newspaper articles claim the new menu is a "failure," with participation dropping more than 13 percent. The truth, according to Binkle, is somewhere in between.</p>

<p>London [<em>to Binkle</em>]: David, what has the response been to the new menu?</p>

<p>Binkle: Well, the response across the community has been, "Wow, this really is a change."</p>

<p>London: Wow in a good way, wow as in a "I'm not so sure" way?</p>

<p>Binkle: There has been "wow" in both ways.  There are lots of kids and lots of parents and lots of staff that agree with what we're doing, to other children who are saying this is not so great. And so what we are looking at is, when they say that, the reasons why they are saying that.</p>

<p>London: And that's just what we found when we talked to kids at Jaime Escalante Elementary School.</p>

<p>London: So how do you guys like your lunch?</p>

<p>Male Students: I like it. I like it a lot.</p>

<p>London: You like it a lot. Do you like yours?</p>

<p>Male Students: Yeah. </p>

<p>London: Do you like that this lunch is healthier?</p>

<p>Male Students: Yeah.</p>

<p>London: You do?</p>

<p>Male Student: 'Cause they give us carrots, apples.</p>

<p>Male Student: They give us plums, apples...</p>

<p>London: You like that? </p>

<p>Male Student: yeah</p>

<p>London: But a little further down the lunch table, these girls give the new menu a failing grade.</p>

<p>Female Student: I don't like the flavor it has and it tastes bad. But it's better than last year's food. </p>

<p>London: And what about you, you didn't eat your lunch. Why don't you like it?</p>

<p>Female Student: Sometimes at lunch they have a certain smell and I don't like the scent and I lose my appetite when I smell it. </p>

<p>London: And this, the critics say, has led to enormous amounts of waste - everyday, uneaten lunches ending up here [<em>students dumping food in trash can</em>].</p>

<p>London [<em>to Dennis Barrett</em>]: Some have characterized it as a pretty big failure. Is that a fair characterization?</p>

<p>Dennis Barrett/Director, LAUSD Food Services: Absolutely not.</p>

<p>London: Dennis Barrett, who heads up the food services department, says reports that there's been a sharp decline in participation in the school lunch program are inaccurate, and in a district charged with feeding a school population the size of Baltimore, it's impossible to please everyone.</p>

<p>Barrett: Even though we did everything we could, we got 700,000 inputs from kids on the items that we had, there were still the rest of the students. We want to bring them in, they're looking for – where's the chicken nuggets, where's the pizza, where are the things we've traditionally had in the past that we can just pick and grab and go. And so it's a training process.</p>

<p>Binkle: We've had some backlash, but it's because we are making an aggressive approach with this program.</p>

<p>London: And it's a program funded largely by the federal government, which regulates not only the type of food to be served, but how much and the amount of food a student must take each day. The district depends on the federal program's money to feed the 81% of its nearly 700-thousand students who qualify for a free or subsidized lunch. </p>

<p>London: Are some of the federal requirements so strict that they are encouraging waste? </p>

<p>Binkle: When we get to the requirements of the program, it required that we had five components, a meat, a meat alternative, a fruit, a vegetable, a grain bread component and a dairy component. Of those five components, the children must take three of those five items. And so what it looks like is that the children don't like the food or there is a huge waste issue because kids don't want it all.</p>

<p>London: And then there's the issue of time. Some schools give students 30 minutes for lunch.</p>

<p>Binkle: The amount of time a child has to eat has a great deal to do with whether that child would try something or not.  Our school district is trying to do the best they can with the resources we have with the budget issues that we have, but it is a real factor. To be able to put 3,000 kids out to eat lunch in 30 minutes is a real operational challenge.</p>

<p>London: Another operational challenge is preparing healthy, fresh food for more than 1,000 schools on a budget of less than $1 per day per student.</p>

<p>Grant Clinton/Newman Nutrition Center: We do, with summer programs, we probably do 50 to 52 million meals a year out here.</p>

<p>London: This is the nerve-center of L.A.'s school lunch program – the Newman Nutrition Center in Carson.</p>

<p>Clinton: The sweet potato fries, they're good and healthy fries, baked not fried, so it's a very healthy menu.</p>

<p>Binkle: How many portions are you serving?</p>

<p>Clinton: We're making 95,000 portions of these.</p>

<p>London: All of the food served at L.A. Unified schools is prepared and packaged here. Each school day, 30 semi trucks deliver the food to the cafeterias where it's heated and served, which, according to some of the students we spoke with, is part of the problem with the new food. It doesn't always travel so well from the trucks to the tray.</p>

<p>Female Student: The thing I don't like about the lunch is that sometimes the food is soggy and it's really, like sometimes, not cooked.</p>

<p>Female Student: Okay, let's be honest. </p>

<p>London: Yes, let's be honest. </p>

<p>Female Student: Our mom's food or the food we'd usually eat is not the same, because LAUSD food and your mom's food is a big difference. 'Cause she makes what you want and LAUSD gives you what they have, so...</p>

<p>Lucy Cortez/Mother:  We still have some kids that are not very happy. There are still foods that, really, I wouldn't even eat them myself. So, you know, there is more of what the children want. What do they want.  </p>

<p>London: The district concedes the new menu isn't an A-plus, yet, and it's constantly re-evaluating its food choices, but...<br />
 <br />
Barrett: We probably will not go back to serving pizzas and those things. It's a training process. We're in a school setting. We want to teach them and train them in good habits, recognizing good foods and a variety of foods as well. </p>

<p>London: Growing pains, and for some students, hunger pains, as L.A. Unified tackles the difficult task of getting kids to eat their fruits and veggies.</p>

<p>For <em>SoCal Connected</em>, I'm Jennifer London. </p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Pyramids, Wheels and Three Squares a Day: How Government Shapes Our Diet</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/education/how-government-shapes-our-diet.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.42268</id>

    <published>2012-02-04T05:29:33Z</published>
    <updated>2012-02-04T05:38:09Z</updated>

    <summary>Uncle Sam has long taken an interest in our diets, sometimes in surprising ways. Take a brief pictorial tour through government policies that have influenced the way we eat.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Miguel Contreras</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=4643</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Culture" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
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    <category term="government" label="government" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="health" label="health" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
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    <category term="obesity" label="obesity" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
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    <category term="worldwari" label="World War I" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
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    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<p>In our story <em>Food Fight</em>, we took a look at the ongoing battle in Los Angeles Unified School District over what constitutes a good school lunch and who is ultimately responsible for students' health. Some say it is up to parents to teach children healthy eating habits, while others say schools should take on that duty. Ultimately, the federal government guidelines are what dictate public school lunches. </p>

<p>In January 2012, first lady Michelle Obama won a victory in her ongoing crusade against childhood obesity in America. School lunches must now follow the federal dietary USDA guidelines, which means more fruits and vegetables and fewer unhealthy meal options will be served.</p>

<p>This is just the latest instance in a more than century-long series of government campaigns to get Americans fit. As the slideshow above demonstrates, Uncle Sam has long wanted <em>you</em> to take his food recommendations, especially during times of national crisis. The federal government mandated that Americans eat fish and butter, but said to pass on wheat bread. Each of these developments is part of (or maybe contributed to) this country's schizophrenic relationship with food. And while what passes for "healthy" has changed in the past 100 years, at a time when over one-third of Americans are obese and childhood diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions, some would argue the nation is embroiled in its biggest health crisis yet. </p>

<p>Take a brief tour through the history of the United States' gastronomical governance.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Two 4th Graders Cut Food Waste One Lunch at a Time</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/health/two-4th-graders-cut-food-waste-one-lunch-at-a-time.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.42269</id>

    <published>2012-02-04T05:01:37Z</published>
    <updated>2012-02-04T06:30:29Z</updated>

    <summary>Paulina Sanchez and Lesly Heredia didn&apos;t like seeing food get dumped in the trash at school. So they started a program to donate rather than waste.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Jennifer London</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=5593</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Health" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Politics" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
    <category term="food" label="food" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="foodwaste" label="food waste" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="schoollunch" label="school lunch" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<p><small><strong>Editor: Michael Bloecher</strong></small></p>

<p>At a noisy lunch table, painted bright blue, 4th-graders Paulina Sanchez and Lesly Heredia sit side by side. The girls giggle and chat as they carefully pick through what’s on their lunch tray. </p>

<p>On this day the students at Jaime Escalante Elementary School, in Cudahy, are eating either tortellini with spinach, mushrooms and garlic drizzled with butternut squash sauce, or noodles with turkey meatballs. It is a radically different and new menu designed to be healthy, if not exotic.  </p>

<p>At the beginning of the school year, Los Angeles Unified unveiled the new menu, and many of the students at Jaime Escalante, and the other 1,000-plus schools that fall under the LAUSD umbrella, are still not entirely sure what to make of the new menu.  At one lunch table kids nod their approval as they happily fork the turkey meatballs into their mouths, while at another table words like “gross” are being tossed around as the uneaten food is being tossed out.</p>

<p>Paulina and Lesly started keeping track of how much food was being thrown away. The girls decided it was a waste, and so they did something about it.  They wrote a letter to Dennis Barrett, director of food services for LAUSD, and asked if they could start a program to donate the food instead of tossing it in the trash. And so began the “common table” at Jaime Escalante. </p>

<p>Now if a student doesn’t want his or her lunch, it goes on a table instead of in the trash. Other students can opt to have seconds if they are still hungry, and what remains when the lunch bell rings gets donated to an agency in need. </p>

<p>Paulina and Lesly are soft-spoken and humble about what they’ve accomplished, and when asked why they did it, Paulina replied rather nonchalantly, “Because we want to change the world.” Now there’s some food for thought.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>February 3, 2012</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/episodes/february-3-2012.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.42260</id>

    <published>2012-02-04T05:00:00Z</published>
    <updated>2012-02-06T21:49:01Z</updated>

    <summary>Food FightBurger BingeFilling A Need</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Brian Frank</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=124</uri>
    </author>
    
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        <![CDATA[<p>Last year on the LAUSD school lunch menu: oily pizza and junk food. This year: tortellini. It's part of a district-wide plan to offer a healthier menu, but some students are complaining. So is the new menu working?</p>

<p>Plus, Brian Rooney takes a look at one prominent fast food chain with a high-calorie menu and a rather risque marketing campaign and asks what responsibility, if any, such companies have to prevent the obesity epidemic in the United States.</p>

<p>Finally, thousands of uninsured Californians have no access to basic healthcare services many of us take for granted, from teeth cleaning to a desperately needed pair of eyeglasses.  An  annual event, run by the non-profit “Care Now,” is a life raft for these families. Correspondent Judy Muller found some people waiting in line for hours for care, caught in a situation that has gone from bad to worse.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>The Lunch Lady: Whole Foods and Celebrity Chefs in Berkeley Schools</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/socal-rewind/the-lunch-lady-how-whole-foods-made-the-menu-at-berkeley-schools.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.42228</id>

    <published>2012-02-03T01:06:15Z</published>
    <updated>2012-02-03T01:56:04Z</updated>

    <summary>Last week the Obama administration announced a plan to make school lunches healthier. We look back at an early grassroots effort to do the same.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Brian Frank</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=124</uri>
    </author>
    
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        <![CDATA[<div class="webfeatures resourceinforight ">
<div class="webfeaturetitle">
<img border="0" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/images/resources.png">
</div>
<div class="features" style="width: 190px;">


<a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-01-26/pdf/2012-1010.pdf">
<div class="feature">
Read the New School Lunch Rule
</div>
</a>
<a href="http://www.chefann.com/">
<div class="feature">
Chef Ann Cooper's Website
</div>
</a>
<a href="http://www.lunchlovecommunity.org/films.html">
<div class="feature">
Lunch Love Community
</div>
</a>
<a href="http://www.choosemyplate.gov/">
<div class="feature">
Dietary Guidelines: From Pyramid to Plate
</div>
</a>
</div>
</div>


<p>
For a nation struggling with high rates of obesity - even among school-age children - last week's announcement by first lady Michelle Obama and Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack comes generally as good news. 
</p><p>
The latest ruling from the U.S. Department of Agriculture aligns school lunch standards more closely with federal dietary guidelines. That is to say, our nation's children may soon be getting more whole grains and fresh produce, less pizza sticks and chicken nuggets.
</p><p>
Many nutrition experts are hailing the rule as a big step forward in the fight against diabetes and obesity. But it also follows on years of grassroots efforts to achieve the same. Which brings us to the latest installment of our <em>SoCal Rewind</em> series. 
</p><p>
In 2005, celebrity chef Alice Waters, a pioneer in the culinary movement to use only local and sustainable foods, recruited Ann Cooper to help transform the school lunch menu at the Berkeley Unified School District in Northern California. An accomplished chef, author and activist herself, Cooper took the reins and introduced salad bars, whole grain pizza and bolognese sauce to students who had been more accustomed to plastic-wrapped grilled cheese sandwiches and unfortunately named frozen food items like "Pizza Nada." 
</p><p>
This show's predecessor, <em>California Connected</em>, aired a sort of behind-the-scenes look at that process. The first half runs like an episode of <em>Hell's Kitchen</em>, but with a lot more love (watch the video above).
</p><p>
For another take on, and a more in-depth look at, how Berkeley Unified transformed its school lunch program, check out the Web documentary <a href="http://www.lunchlovecommunity.org/films.html">Lunch Love Community</a>.
</p><p>
In the meantime, I gave Ann Cooper a call to see what she's up to today, more than five years later, and to find out what she thinks of the latest developments in the national school lunch movement.
</p><p>
<strong>How is the Berkeley school district doing now?</strong><br />
<em>It's become sustainable, systemic, the food is good, and the department is self-sufficient.</em>
</p><p>
<strong>What are you up to now?</strong><br />
<em>I have three day jobs. I'm director of food services for Boulder Valley School District in Colorado. We do 10,000 meals a day. We're in 50 schools, got a couple hundred employees. And I have a consulting company, Lunch Lessons LLC, which does consulting for school districts all around the country that are trying to segue from highly processed foods to fresh foods. And I have my foundation, <a href="http://www.foodfamilyfarming.org/">Food Family Farming</a>, which has three major projects: <a href="http://www.thelunchbox.org/">The Lunch Box</a>, <a href="http://saladbars2schools.org/">Let's Move Salad Bars to Schools</a>, and our newest project is <a href="http://www.foodfamilyfarming.org/html/grants.html">Healthy Breakfast 4 Kids</a>, which is working to help support universal breakfast in the classroom.</em>
</p><p>
<strong>As a nation, there's a renewed emphasis on providing healthier school lunches. What are we doing right? What are we doing wrong?</strong><br />
<em>I think the most recent <a href="http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/DGAs2010-PolicyDocument.htm">USDA guidelines</a> are really, really, really a positive step. Are they imperfect? Yes, but we live in an imperfect world. 
</p><p>
The answer to the second question is twofold. One, we allow big companies and lobbyists to make decisions about our children's health. And two, we haven't really gotten our hands around children's advertising. We have children who see 10,000 ads a year on eating unhealthy foods. Big money is spent making kids believe bad food is good.</em>
</p><p>
<strong>What's next for you?</strong><br />
<em>The plan for the future is to really grow the Lunch Box and work on other direct services through the foundations. I think we as a nation really have to take responsibility for our children's health. [School is] where our kids spend 180 days a year, so we have to understand everything that happens there changes their lives, and food is part of that.</em>
</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>10 Technologies Helping the Military Go Green</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/environment/10-technologies-helping-the-military-go-green.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41961</id>

    <published>2012-01-28T06:30:29Z</published>
    <updated>2012-01-30T19:56:44Z</updated>

    <summary>By land, sea and air, the military is exploring ways to wean itself off fossil fuels. Here are 10 techs it hopes will help it reach its goal.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Brian Frank</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=124</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Environment" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
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    <category term="environment" label="environment" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="green" label="green" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="military" label="military" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="technology" label="technology" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
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<a href="http://www.pewenvironment.org/uploadedFiles/PEG/Publications/Report/DoD-Report_FINAL.pdf">
<div class="feature">
Pew Report: From Barracks to the Battlefield
</div>
</a>

</div>
</div>

<p>The private sector isn't alone in its pursuit of mean-and-green, energy-conscious technologies. All branches of the U.S. military have thrown their hats into the race.
</p><p>
For one thing, our dependence on foreign oil has been acknowledged by the military as a strategic disadvantage. Some 80 percent of the military's energy consumption comes from oil products, according to a 2011 report on green initiatives in the armed forces by the Pew Charitable Trusts. 
</p><p>
In other words, the military can hardly fly a jet, propel a ship or move a troop without guzzling gas. The sooner our armed services quit their 375,000-barrel-a-day binges, goes the argument, the sooner they can free themselves from the crap-shoot of oil market fluctuations and perilous entanglements with hostile regimes.
</p><p>
"Militaries that fail to innovate lose strategic advantage. Nations that fail to innovate lose economic edge. Clean energy innovation is an essential strategy for making the United States and its service men and women safer, stronger and more successful," wrote the authors of the Pew report.
</p><p>
Of course, the military is also under orders from Congress and from their commander-in-chief, President Barack Obama, a fact not lost on critics of the administration's environmental policies.
</p><p>
Regardless, the military is continuing to explore new ways - by land, by sea and by air - to wean itself off the oily teat of fossil fuels. Here are 10 examples of technologies and habits employed by the U.S. military that officials hope will turn out to be both environmentally sound and strategically advantageous in the long run.
</p><p>
<big><strong>BY LAND</strong></big><br />
<strong>1. On-Base Electric Vehicles</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: Maj. Deanna Bague, Fort Bliss Public Affairs" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/electric-car.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>The military is beginning to make use of small electric cars on base. These are made from recycled plastic and can reach speeds of 25 mph. The military will be slower in rolling out "green" combat vehicles, since performance is paramount to troops' safety.
</p><p>
<strong>2. Soldier Conformable Rechargeable Batteries (SCRB)</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: Staff Sgt. Adam Mancini" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/soldier-armor.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>Thin enough to conform to soldiers’ protective chest plates, these "batteries" (not pictured) actually use a small 25-watt fuel cell and can support a 72-hour mission before recharging is necessary, according to the Pew report.
</p><p>
<strong>3. Rucksack Enhanced Portable Power System (REPPS)</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: U.S. Army" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/REPPS-rucksack.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>This backpack solar power system can be unrolled and used to recharge batteries in five to six hours or act as a continuous power source. 
</p><p>
<strong>4. Solar Power Shades</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: Rich Bartell, U.S. Army Africa Public Affairs" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/powershade.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>This solar shade helps to cool the tent below while 72 panels absorb sunlight to produce two kilowatts of power a day in Djibouti. 
</p><p>
<strong>5. Microgrids</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: Dennis Simon, U.S. Central Command" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/microgrid.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>A microgrid is a closed system that may or may not be linked to the commercial power grid and can combine a number of separate energy sources - "smart" generators that link with one another to intelligently manage the power supply. This one, a 1-megawatt microgrid, went through seven training rotations at Fort Irwin, Calif. from August 2010 to March 2011.
</p><p>
<strong>6. FED - A Greener Humvee</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: C. Todd Lopez" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/FED-humvee.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>The Fuel Efficient Ground Vehicle Demonstrator, or FED, would have the same capabilities as the M1114 Humvee but with about 70 percent greater fuel efficiency. Displayed here in the Pentagon courtyard for an Energy & Sustainability Technology Fair, a solar-collection panel can be seen on the rear hatch of the vehicle.
</p><p>
<big><strong>BY SEA</strong></big><br />
<strong>7. Hybrid-Electric Ships</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: U.S. Navy, Chief Mass Communication Specialist John Lill" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/makin-island-hybrid2.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>The amphibious assault ship USS Makin Island is the only Navy ship with a hybrid-electric propulsion system, but the goal is to switch more of the fleet over to "green" engines. 
</p><p>
<strong>8. The "Great Green Fleet"</strong><br />
<img alt="U.S. Navy, Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Stephen D. Doyle II" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/strikegroup.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>The Navy hopes this summer to demonstrate a "green" carrier strike group, much like the one pictured. It will feature a nuclear carrier, as well as surface ships and aircraft powered by biofuel. The Navy's goal is to demonstrate the "Green Strike Group" in local operations in 2012 and then sail it by 2016.
</p><p>
<big><strong>BY AIR</strong></big><br />
<strong>9. Adaptive Versatile Engine Technology (ADVENT)</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: Courtesy of Pratt & Whitney" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/f119_2_high.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>This new breed of engine, part of the Versatile Affordable Advanced Turbine Engine program (a joint program under the military and NASA), is designed to switch intelligently between two modes: one for high performance, the other for fuel efficiency. Think of it like the hybrid engine in your car - when you're idling or cruising at low speed, the gas engine turns off, but when you put the pedal to the metal, the combustion engine kicks in.
</p><p>
<strong>10. Biofuel-Powered Aircraft</strong><br />
<img alt="Photo Credit: U.S. Navy, Liz Goettee" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/greenhornet.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />
<p>The Navy and Air Force have already demonstrated that they can fly fighter jets on a 50/50 mix of biofuel and standard jet fuel. The Navy's F/A-18 Super Hornet flew on a blend derived from camelina seeds. The jet (pictured above) was dubbed the "Green Hornet." Another familiar sight, the Blue Angels, have also flown on a biofuel blend (pictured below). </p>
<img alt="Photo Credit: U.S. Navy" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets/images/blueangels.jpg" width="580" height="340" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" />]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Extended Interview: Jeremy Seifert, Dumpster Diver and Director</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/environment/extended-interview-jeremy-seifert.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41962</id>

    <published>2012-01-28T05:21:41Z</published>
    <updated>2012-01-28T06:15:29Z</updated>

    <summary>An extended interview with dumpster diver turned director Jeremy Seifert.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Miguel Contreras</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=4643</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Culture" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
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<a href="#">
<div class="feature">

<div class="feature-title">

<a href="http://www.divethefilm.com/"><em>Dive!</em> Documentary</a><br />
<a href="http://www.facebook.com/gohalfsies">Halfsies:<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Eat Less, Give More</a>
<br />
<a href="http://www.meetup.com/freegan/">Dumpster Diving<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Meetup Group</a>
<br /><br />
</div>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<p>In our <a href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/environment/dumpster-diving.html">story </a>about dumpster divers, we spoke to Jeremy Seifert, director of the film <em>Dive!</em> which looks at the problem of enormous food waste in this country. He documented his journey into dumpster diving, and in this extended interview, tells us how he began rescuing food from the trash and why he felt the need to raise awareness about this issue.</p>

<p>You can find out more about the film at the <a href="http://www.divethefilm.com/"><em>Dive!<em></a> website.

]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Military Goes Green</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/environment/military-goes-green.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41899</id>

    <published>2012-01-28T05:20:00Z</published>
    <updated>2012-02-01T23:40:44Z</updated>

    <summary>The fatigues aren&apos;t the only things that are green in the military. Correspondent Brian Rooney shows how the military is adopting sustainability and going green.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Brian Frank</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=124</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Environment" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
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    <category term="army" label="army" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="green" label="green" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="greenbuilding" label="green building" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="hydroelectric" label="hydroelectric" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="marines" label="marines" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="military" label="military" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="solar" label="solar" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="sustainability" label="sustainability" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<p><em>With the price of gas hovering around $4 and electricity bills on the rise, who would you think is on the forefront of green energy? Big utility companies? Auto manufacturers? Silicon Valley? How about the Pentagon? The Pentagon has ordered all branches of the armed services to fight energy costs while developing secure sources of energy for bases at home and troops in the field. Correspondent Brian Rooney takes a look at how the military is saving energy, saving money, and possibly saving lives.</em>
</p>
<p><strong>TRANSCRIPT:</strong><br />
Brian Rooney: War takes energy, not just from the people fighting, but in delivering food, bullets, equipment and energy itself to the front. Getting soldiers to where they can fight requires 22 gallons of gasoline every day for each soldier in the field. So 80 percent of supply convoys carry fuel that is vulnerable to attack. 
</p><p>
Looking to reduce the target of the supply chain and cut costs, the military is going green in a new way. 
</p><p>
Col. Kurt J. Pinkerton/Commander, Ft. Irwin: First, there’s the economic benefits, and second, there’s the tactical benefits of being green. If we have to transport less fuel, if we have to move less logistics, again, that keeps our soldiers safer on the battlefield.
</p><p>
Rooney: From the ground to the sea and the air, America’s armed services burn 300,000 barrels of oil a day. The Pentagon spends roughly $11 billion a year on energy, more than $8 billion of it on petroleum fuels. Saving fuel means more than saving money. In 2010 in Afghanistan, there were 1100 attacks on fuel convoys. If they can cut down the convoys by 20 or 30 or 40 percent, they’re also saving lives.
</p><p>
The reasons for going green are tactical. But they’re also financial. The services are under a mandate from the Pentagon to get creative - generate their own power with sun and wind, find non-petroleum fuels for helicopters, and make the ships more fuel-efficient.
</p><p>
Professor Ann Karagozian/UCLA: The military itself uses the vast majority of fuels and derives its energy from fuel to a far greater extent than any other entity in the U.S. government. It's over 90 percent of the fuels that are consumed within the U.S. government are consumed by the Department of Defense. 
</p><p>
Rooney: UCLA Professor Ann Karagozian has been a scientific advisor to the Air Force.
</p><p>
Karagozian: The DOD is looking at new technology that could be game changers in many different ways, and we’ve seen examples of that in our daily lives. The Internet was a military development. So was the satellite navigation, known as GPS, that finds your way on unfamiliar streets. Now the military appears to be leading the way in energy development and conservation. 
</p><p>
Jackie Pfannensteil/Assistant Navy Secretary: Energy security is national security.
</p><p>
Rooney: An assistant secretary of the Navy recently spoke at the ground breaking for a new solar collection field that will supply a third of the power at China Lake Naval Air Weapons Station.
</p><p>
Pfannensteil: People are going to look back and say once the military got into this, it moved a lot faster.
</p><p>
Rooney: Renewable energy is already embedded in the operation of the National Training Center at Ft. Irwin in the California desert, where soldiers are trained before going overseas, and the base commander is also under orders to save and produce energy. 
</p><p>
Pinkerton: The objective is to become net zero. Meaning I have as many renewable energy sources providing me energy as I do the grid and I kinda balance out. I have a negative cost impact. 
</p><p>
Rooney: The roof over his head has solar film that supplements power. Rooms have motion and light detectors. The temperature and light in his headquarters are controlled by this computer in an electrical closet.  So, for instance, it turns lights on when people enter a room and will turn them off when they leave. It will balance the lights against daylight coming through the windows. And it also reports back to you on energy use and consumption. So, for instance, this is a graph of energy saved in the last 3 hours, 24 hours, 7 days. It will tell you everything about energy use and money savings in the building. The base itself is bristling with solar arrays that reduce electric bills, from the street lights lining the base’s main road to the computer-intensive training center that runs partly on solar power. Even the mess hall is powered partly by the sun. This storage warehouse is entirely off the grid, depending on its own solar collectors and batteries. And those gas-guzzling Humvees are reserved for training, while soldiers buzz around the base in electric cars you’d never send to war. It’s a new kind of Army green, and they’re taking it into the field as well, where a soldier on patrol lugs a hundred pounds of gear.
</p><p>
Pinkerton: Ammunition probably weighs 20 pounds or so, batteries another 10-15 pounds. We’re currently experimenting and looking at what I’ll call green ammunition. It’s lighter in weight; it’s more effective; it’s environmentally friendly, as strange as that sounds.
</p><p>
Rooney: The Marines have already taken light solar power generators to Afghanistan. Those are solar panels on top of blast walls. With an acronym for everything, they call it Ground Renewable Expeditionary Energy Systems - GREENS. Solar panels and batteries have allowed them to go a full week without turning on a gas-powered generator.
</p><p>
Capt. Brandon Newell/Expeditionary Energy Officer: What this is built for and designed for is the smallest of locations with maybe a fire team or maybe a squad size that only uses communications capability.
</p><p>
Rooney: They also have folding solar collectors that can go in their rucksack to charge radio batteries and small electronics. They have insulated tents now - cheaper to cool in the desert. The Marines have an ambitious plan to cut their energy in half by the year 2025. But it’s easier to go green on bases at home. At China Lake where they are building that new solar array, they’ve been producing more power than they can use since 1987, selling it back to the grid. Deep in the interior of a volcanic mountain range inside the base perimeter, bubbling mud reveals the power that lies beneath.
</p><p>
Steam from a geothermal field along a fault line powers nine generators that run 24 hours a day without depending on wind or sun or any kind of fuel to make electricity.
</p><p>
Andrew Sabin/Director, Navy Geothermal Program: This field will run pretty much indefinitely, or certainly for the next 50 years anyway.
</p><p>
Rooney: Considered to be somewhat experimental in its time, this geothermal power operation has proved that it can be duplicated on other large pieces of military real estate in the West.
</p><p>
Sabin: There are several other military bases, large military bases, where we are working right now. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, there is potential for several thousand more megawatts.
</p><p>
Rooney: In China Lake’s laboratories, scientists are perfecting a plant-derived jet fuel to wean fighter jets off foreign oil. This is the current petroleum-based jet fuel. You can see it’s a little yellowish with impurities. So what they’re working on is making jet fuel out of plant material - say, for instance, sugar cane stalks after the sugar’s been removed. From that, they get butanol, and after a further refining process they can produce a clear, clean-burning jet fuel that might even be better than what is used now. The Navy has already flown an F/18 fighter on this mix. 
</p><p>
Michael Wright/Senior Scientist, China Lake: The idea is that this blend, what we’re certifying is meeting the fit-for-purpose specs that are used for JP-5 or Jet-A right now. So they’re not saying, "Oh, you have a bio fuel, we’ll allow you to get by with it not having to perform in this category, you get a waiver for this one." No - the same fit-for-purpose specs that you have for petroleum-based fuel. So there’s no allowances made for that.
</p><p>
Rooney: They know how to do it. They just have to learn how to produce it on a large scale.
</p><p>
Wright: I’d jump in a Cessna Citation right now, put a hundred gallons of my fuel in there and push the throttle forward. Wouldn’t have a second thought about it.
</p><p>
Rooney: Going green for the military involves a lot more - water conservation, garbage and waste reduction. It’s about saving money at home and lives in the field by becoming more energy independent. For the military, going green isn’t a request. It’s an order.
</p><p>
This is Brian Rooney, SoCal Connected.
</p>
]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Extreme Green: Dumpster Diving to Prevent Food Waste</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/environment/dumpster-diving.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41900</id>

    <published>2012-01-28T05:10:00Z</published>
    <updated>2012-02-01T23:46:00Z</updated>

    <summary>Val Zavala tags along on a Dumpster Diver tour and learns how some people are preventing waste by rescuing discarded food from the trash.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Brian Frank</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=124</uri>
    </author>
    
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        <![CDATA[<p>
<em>In this installment of our "Extreme Green" series, meet people who take environmental living to new limits: dumpster divers. They are a rare breed of daring environmentalists who can't stand to see good food thrown away, so they rescue it. Anchor Val Zavala delved into the world of dumpster diving and was shocked to see how much food we waste.</em>
</p>

<p><strong>TRANSCRIPT:</strong><br />
Val Zavala: In a small apartment in Highland Park, an unusual group of people are gathering. They’re on a mission that will last until three in the morning and take them into places most of us wouldn’t touch. But first, a hot meal. But not just any meal.
</p><p>
Eric Einem [<em>to others at the dinner table</em>]: I asked him if there’s anything he wanted me to bring from the dumpster.
</p><p>
Zavala: All the food on this table came from the trash. That’s right. These folks are feasting on discarded food. Call them “dumpster divers.”
</p><p>
Zavala [<em>to Eric</em>]: Well, the first thing I’m sure you hear from people is, “Yuck! How can you do this, and aren’t you afraid of getting sick?”
</p><p>
Eric: Yeah, I get that sometimes. Although, surprisingly, a lot of people I tell about it, you know, are like, “That’s cool.”
</p><p>
Zavala: And, surprisingly, for the four years that Eric has been doing this, he’s never gotten sick.
</p><p>
Eric: I use common sense, ‘cause you can tell by the, you know, by the smell or how it looks.
</p><p>
Zavala: Michel hasn’t bought food in years. He came to the U.S. from France and remembers how shocked he was by our huge refrigerators.
</p><p>
Zavala [<em>to Michel</em>]: Do we waste a lot compared to the French?
</p><p>
Michel Breard: I think so - Europe in general. I mean, just look at the size of a fridge. You know, if you go in Paris, kitchens are small, and we still can cook in a small fridge. We don’t need an island to cook. I’m sorry, but who needs an island?
</p><p>
Zavala: Tonight, they’ve invited others – friends and strangers – on one of their regular dumpster diving tours.
</p><p>
Eric [<em>to others getting on bikes</em>]: Ready?
</p><p>
Zavala: It’s 11:30 p.m. Some of them go on bikes. Others follow in cars. They don’t want to reveal the stores they’re going to. It’ll only increase the chance that the dumpsters will get padlocked. The first location is easily accessible.
</p><p>
Eric [<em>going through dumpster</em>]: Tomatillos…
</p><p>
Woman: And you’re never concerned that there’s going to be, like, stuff like this?<br />
</p><p>
Michel: Yeah, yeah, yeah. Be careful and don’t take any chances.
</p><p>
Zavala: Dumpster diving is not for everyone, but it has gained popularity among some daring environmentalists who hate to see food go to landfills.
</p><p>
That’s what motivated Jeremy Seifert to make a documentary called <em>Dive!</em>.
</p><p>
Seifert [<em>clip from </em>Dive!]: In the United States, even our trashcans are filled with food. You just have to go get it.
</p><p>
Seifert: When you pull out of the trash what should be food for people, and know that this was headed for the landfill, where it will be buried and produce methane which is 24 times more potent than carbon dioxide, and instead it feeds you, it really changes the way you look at food waste and hunger.
</p><p>
Zavala: His son has grown up on food rescued from dumpsters.
</p><p>
Seifert: And my wife was pregnant with my second son, Scout, while I was making the film, and, I mean, at that time, 70 percent of our food was coming from the trash can. And he’s a strong, very cute, highly intelligent baby.
</p><p>
Zavala: A U.S. Agriculture Department study found that, of all the food produced for domestic consumption, 25 percent of it is thrown away.
</p><p>
Seifert: This is not something that our grandparents did. You know, generations back, they were much more careful with their food. They did know hunger.
</p><p>
Dumpster Diver [<em>clip from </em>Dive!]: Apples, oranges, everything!
</p><p>
Seifert: Food waste is a bad habit born out of excess.
</p><p>
Zavala: It’s about 1 a.m., and the divers are heading to a place Eric and Michel have been to before. They say this place is usually a bonanza. And yes, technically, they’re trespassing.
</p><p>
Eric: A lot of bananas and some potatoes, grapes, spinach, a big roll of paper...
</p><p>
Michel: If anyone wants to do art – butcher paper.
</p><p>
Eric: And lettuce. So, it’s like probably two trunk loads of food that we got.
</p><p>
Zavala: You may wonder why grocery stores don’t give this food away or let employees take it home.
</p><p>
Seifert [<em>clip from </em>Dive!]: I was just...
</p><p>
Store Manager: We’re also not allowed to comment on anything.
</p><p>
Zavala: That’s what Seifert wanted to find out, but most of the time, he got the cold shoulder from corporate headquarters.
</p><p>
Seifert [<em>clip from </em>Dive!]: They won’t talk to me – company policy, no interviews.
</p><p>
Store Manager: Nope. No interview.
</p><p>
Seifert: I’m Jeremy.
</p><p>
Store Manager: Nice to meet you.
</p><p>
Seifert: Thank you.
</p><p>
Store Manager: You got it. No problem.
</p><p>
Seifert: I know that a lot of it was or is systemically a fear of litigation. “What if we give away this perishable food and someone gets sick?” But the Good Samaritan Act put in place in 1996 by President Bill Clinton protects food providers when they give donations, and that Good Sam Act has never been challenged.
</p><p>
Zavala: And there’s one grocery chain where dumpster divers won’t find much to take home. Albertsons is on the cutting edge of food rescue. Five days a week, food banks pick up extra food from nearly 250 stores. Over four years, that’s amounted to a hundred million pounds of edible food going to people who need it. 
</p><p>
Rick Crandall is the man in charge of the food rescue program. So far 100 Albertsons stores have achieved zero percent waste. 
</p><p>
Rick Crandall: We have some lettuce - you pull some of these leaves off and that will probably be just fine. 
</p><p>
Zavala: Potatoes - they are still wrapped. 
</p><p>
Crandall: Yup, but they are green. 
</p><p>
Zavala: Oh, I see.
</p><p>
Crandall: Sometimes the lights outside will actually turn them green a little bit, but you bake that and I'm sure someone will enjoy a nice baked potato. 
</p><p>
Zavala: So that's just a cosmetic thing. That it's green. 
</p><p>
Crandall: Yup, absolutely.
</p><p>
Zavala: But it’s not just fruits and vegetables. 
</p><p>
Zavala [<em>to Crandall</em>]: Meet and cheese and sausage - this is expensive stuff. 
</p><p>
Crandall: Very expensive stuff.
</p><p>
Zavala: High quality.
</p><p>
Crandall: Now it is going to people who are food insecure. And doing the right thing for people, planet. 
</p><p>
Zavala: A win-win. 
</p><p>
Crandall: Win-win.
</p><p>
Zavala: And what does Rick Crandall think of dumpster diving?
</p><p>
Crandall: Some are doing it because they need to eat. I’m not going to tell anybody who's hungry today and I’ve just gone and had a great meal not to do something like that. 
</p><p>
Zavala: It’s 2 a.m. The divers arrive back at Eric’s place with boxes and boxes of food. 
</p><p>
Eric: Oh yeah, we got some eggs. Look at that.
</p><p>
Michel: What's wrong with this one? Cracked. There, crack at the top, and you can't sell a box with an egg. 
</p><p>
Zavala: One of those? 
</p><p>
Michel: Uh, possibly two. So now we have 18 eggs that are still within the date and it has gone in the trash. 
</p><p>
Another diver: Pastrami? Wow. Twenty-three dollars and forty one cents.
</p><p>
Zavala: This was Donna’s second time dumpster diving. 
</p><p>
Donna Fazzari: Everyone here can afford to buy food. It’s not about that. It’s really about the waste. If you don't take this, rescue the food, it is going to the landfill.
</p><p>
Zavala: The night was a success - so successful, there is food left over even after people took what they wanted. Eric and Michel will give this away or compost it. 
</p><p>
Michel: It’s one thing to hear about it. It’s another to see about it with your own eyes what’s wasted. And anyone can do it. It’s right there. 
</p><p>
Seifert: The numbers of hungry people in the country have continued to rise. And that’s where these huge grocery chains can step up and do something beautiful in their communities. 
</p><p>
Zavala: In the meantime, Eric, Michel and others like him will be doing their grocery shopping...after hours. 
</p><p>
Eric: I’m looking forward to the day when we don’t have any more trash, which I think we’ll get there.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Unger: OMG Facebook, I Quit!</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/opinion/unger-facebook.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41960</id>

    <published>2012-01-28T05:00:00Z</published>
    <updated>2012-01-28T05:18:32Z</updated>

    <summary>Don&apos;t try to friend commentator Brian Unger. He is done with Facebook.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Brian Frank</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=124</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Commentaries" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Culture" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Humor" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Science &amp; Tech" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Segment" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
    <category term="facebook" label="Facebook" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="internet" label="internet" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="socialnetworks" label="social networks" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="twitter" label="Twitter" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<p>Don't try to <em>friend</em> commentator Brian Unger. He is done with Facebook.</p>

<p>You <em>can</em> still read his tweets, however. Follow him at <a href="http://www.twitter.com/bungerla">@bungerla</a>.]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>January 27, 2012</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/episodes/january-27-2012.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41901</id>

    <published>2012-01-28T05:00:00Z</published>
    <updated>2012-01-28T19:04:40Z</updated>

    <summary>Military Goes GreenExtreme Green: Dumpster DiversUnger: OMG Facebook, I Quit!</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Brian Frank</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=124</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Episodes" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
    <category term="episode" label="episode" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<p>With U.S. armed forces burning through 300,000 barrels of oil a day, which costs taxpayers roughly $11 billion per year and puts troops in jeopardy as they transport it to the front line, the Pentagon is aggressively addressing both the economic and tactical benefits of going green. Correspondent Brian Rooney travels to the Navy’s high-tech research facilities in China Lake and reports on the military’s newest conservation developments including solar and geo-thermal power plants, plant-derived jet fuel, and even “green ammunition.” </p>

<p>Plus, the second part of our “Extreme Green” series follows a group of environmentalists who are passionate about rescuing food…from the local dumpster. Millions of pounds of food are discarded every year, where it will eventually go to a landfill, decompose, and release heat-trapping methane gases. SoCal Connected anchor Val Zavala sits down with some of these dumpster divers, about how and why they dive for dinner.</p>

<p>And don't try to <em>friend</em> Brian Unger.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>President Obama&apos;s 2012 State of the Union Address</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/government/president-obamas-2012-state-of-the-union-address.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41872</id>

    <published>2012-01-25T18:57:12Z</published>
    <updated>2012-01-28T06:22:01Z</updated>

    <summary>An &quot;enhanced&quot; video of the president&apos;s speech from the White House, along with the full transcript.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>SoCal Connected Staff</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=25</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Government" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Politics" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
    <category term="barackobama" label="Barack Obama" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="politics" label="politics" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="president" label="President" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="speech" label="speech" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="stateoftheunion" label="state of the union" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="transcript" label="transcript" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<div class="webfeatures resourceinforight ">
<div class="webfeaturetitle">
<img border="0" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/images/resources.png">
</div><div class="features"><div class="feature"><a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/blueprint_for_an_america_built_to_last.pdf">
<div class="feature-title">
The President's "Blueprint for an America Built to Last"
</div>
</a>
<br />
</div>
</div>

</div>

<p><strong><em>The White House Webcast an "enhanced" version of the president's State of the Union address last night, running photos, facts and figures alongside video of the speech. You can view that version above. Full text of the speech, pulled directly from the White House Web site, follows.</em></strong>
</p>
<p><strong>Remarks by the President in State of Union Address</strong>
</p><p>
United States Capitol, Washington, D.C.
</p><p>
9:12 P.M. EST
</p><p>
THE PRESIDENT:  Mr. Speaker, Mr. Vice President, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans:
</p><p>
Tonight I want to begin by congratulating the men and women of the 112th Congress, as well as your new Speaker, John Boehner.    And as we mark this occasion, we're also mindful of the empty chair in this chamber, and we pray for the health of our colleague &mdash; and our friend &mdash; Gabby Giffords.  
</p><p>
It's no secret that those of us here tonight have had our differences over the last two years.  The debates have been contentious; we have fought fiercely for our beliefs.  And that's a good thing.  That's what a robust democracy demands.  That's what helps set us apart as a nation.
</p><p>
But there's a reason the tragedy in Tucson gave us pause. Amid all the noise and passion and rancor of our public debate, Tucson reminded us that no matter who we are or where we come from, each of us is a part of something greater &mdash; something more consequential than party or political preference.
</p><p>
We are part of the American family.  We believe that in a country where every race and faith and point of view can be found, we are still bound together as one people; that we share common hopes and a common creed; that the dreams of a little girl in Tucson are not so different than those of our own children, and that they all deserve the chance to be fulfilled.
</p><p>
That, too, is what sets us apart as a nation.  
</p><p>
Now, by itself, this simple recognition won't usher in a new era of cooperation.  What comes of this moment is up to us.  What comes of this moment will be determined not by whether we can sit together tonight, but whether we can work together tomorrow.  
</p><p>
I believe we can.  And I believe we must.  That's what the people who sent us here expect of us.  With their votes, they've determined that governing will now be a shared responsibility between parties.  New laws will only pass with support from Democrats and Republicans.  We will move forward together, or not at all &mdash; for the challenges we face are bigger than party, and bigger than politics.
</p><p>
At stake right now is not who wins the next election &mdash; after all, we just had an election.  At stake is whether new jobs and industries take root in this country, or somewhere else.  It's whether the hard work and industry of our people is rewarded.  It's whether we sustain the leadership that has made America not just a place on a map, but the light to the world.
</p><p>
We are poised for progress.  Two years after the worst recession most of us have ever known, the stock market has come roaring back.  Corporate profits are up.  The economy is growing again.
</p><p>
But we have never measured progress by these yardsticks alone.  We measure progress by the success of our people.  By the jobs they can find and the quality of life those jobs offer.  By the prospects of a small business owner who dreams of turning a good idea into a thriving enterprise.  By the opportunities for a better life that we pass on to our children.
</p><p>
That's the project the American people want us to work on. Together.  
</p><p>
We did that in December.  Thanks to the tax cuts we passed, Americans' paychecks are a little bigger today.  Every business can write off the full cost of new investments that they make this year.  And these steps, taken by Democrats and Republicans, will grow the economy and add to the more than one million private sector jobs created last year.
</p><p>
But we have to do more.  These steps we've taken over the last two years may have broken the back of this recession, but to win the future, we'll need to take on challenges that have been decades in the making.
</p><p>
Many people watching tonight can probably remember a time when finding a good job meant showing up at a nearby factory or a business downtown.  You didn't always need a degree, and your competition was pretty much limited to your neighbors.  If you worked hard, chances are you'd have a job for life, with a decent paycheck and good benefits and the occasional promotion.  Maybe you'd even have the pride of seeing your kids work at the same company.
</p><p>
That world has changed.  And for many, the change has been painful.  I've seen it in the shuttered windows of once booming factories, and the vacant storefronts on once busy Main Streets. I've heard it in the frustrations of Americans who've seen their paychecks dwindle or their jobs disappear &mdash; proud men and women who feel like the rules have been changed in the middle of the game.
</p><p>
They're right.  The rules have changed.  In a single generation, revolutions in technology have transformed the way we live, work and do business.  Steel mills that once needed 1,000 workers can now do the same work with 100.  Today, just about any company can set up shop, hire workers, and sell their products wherever there's an Internet connection.
</p><p>
Meanwhile, nations like China and India realized that with some changes of their own, they could compete in this new world. And so they started educating their children earlier and longer, with greater emphasis on math and science.  They're investing in research and new technologies.  Just recently, China became the home to the world's largest private solar research facility, and the world's fastest computer.
</p><p>
So, yes, the world has changed.  The competition for jobs is real.  But this shouldn't discourage us.  It should challenge us. Remember &mdash; for all the hits we've taken these last few years, for all the naysayers predicting our decline, America still has the largest, most prosperous economy in the world.    No workers &mdash; no workers are more productive than ours.  No country has more successful companies, or grants more patents to inventors and entrepreneurs.  We're the home to the world's best colleges and universities, where more students come to study than any place on Earth.
</p><p>
What's more, we are the first nation to be founded for the sake of an idea &mdash; the idea that each of us deserves the chance to shape our own destiny.  That's why centuries of pioneers and immigrants have risked everything to come here.  It's why our students don't just memorize equations, but answer questions like "What do you think of that idea?  What would you change about the world?  What do you want to be when you grow up?"
</p><p>
The future is ours to win.  But to get there, we can't just stand still.  As Robert Kennedy told us, "The future is not a gift.  It is an achievement."  Sustaining the American Dream has never been about standing pat.  It has required each generation to sacrifice, and struggle, and meet the demands of a new age.
</p><p>
And now it's our turn.  We know what it takes to compete for the jobs and industries of our time.  We need to out-innovate, out-educate, and out-build the rest of the world.    We have to make America the best place on Earth to do business.  We need to take responsibility for our deficit and reform our government.  That's how our people will prosper.  That's how we'll win the future.    And tonight, I'd like to talk about how we get there.
						  
The first step in winning the future is encouraging American innovation.  None of us can predict with certainty what the next big industry will be or where the new jobs will come from.  Thirty years ago, we couldn't know that something called the Internet would lead to an economic revolution.  What we can do &mdash; what America does better than anyone else &mdash; is spark the creativity and imagination of our people.  We're the nation that put cars in driveways and computers in offices; the nation of Edison and the Wright brothers; of Google and Facebook.  In America, innovation doesn't just change our lives.  It is how we make our living.  
</p><p>
Our free enterprise system is what drives innovation.  But because it's not always profitable for companies to invest in basic research, throughout our history, our government has provided cutting-edge scientists and inventors with the support that they need.  That's what planted the seeds for the Internet.  That's what helped make possible things like computer chips and GPS.  Just think of all the good jobs &mdash; from manufacturing to retail &mdash; that have come from these breakthroughs.
</p><p>
Half a century ago, when the Soviets beat us into space with the launch of a satellite called Sputnik, we had no idea how we would beat them to the moon.  The science wasn't even there yet.  NASA didn't exist.  But after investing in better research and education, we didn't just surpass the Soviets; we unleashed a wave of innovation that created new industries and millions of new jobs.
</p><p>
This is our generation's Sputnik moment.  Two years ago, I said that we needed to reach a level of research and development we haven't seen since the height of the Space Race.  And in a few weeks, I will be sending a budget to Congress that helps us meet that goal.  We'll invest in biomedical research, information technology, and especially clean energy technology &mdash;  &mdash; an investment that will strengthen our security, protect our planet, and create countless new jobs for our people.
</p><p>
Already, we're seeing the promise of renewable energy.  Robert and Gary Allen are brothers who run a small Michigan roofing company.  After September 11th, they volunteered their best roofers to help repair the Pentagon.  But half of their factory went unused, and the recession hit them hard.  Today, with the help of a government loan, that empty space is being used to manufacture solar shingles that are being sold all across the country.  In Robert's words, "We reinvented ourselves."
</p><p>
That's what Americans have done for over 200 years: reinvented ourselves.  And to spur on more success stories like the Allen Brothers, we've begun to reinvent our energy policy. We're not just handing out money.  We're issuing a challenge.  We're telling America's scientists and engineers that if they assemble teams of the best minds in their fields, and focus on the hardest problems in clean energy, we'll fund the Apollo projects of our time.
</p><p>
At the California Institute of Technology, they're developing a way to turn sunlight and water into fuel for our cars.  At Oak Ridge National Laboratory, they're using supercomputers to get a lot more power out of our nuclear facilities.  With more research and incentives, we can break our dependence on oil with biofuels, and become the first country to have a million electric vehicles on the road by 2015.  
</p><p>
We need to get behind this innovation.  And to help pay for it, I'm asking Congress to eliminate the billions in taxpayer dollars we currently give to oil companies.    I don't know if &mdash; I don't know if you've noticed, but they're doing just fine on their own.    So instead of subsidizing yesterday's energy, let's invest in tomorrow's.
</p><p>
Now, clean energy breakthroughs will only translate into clean energy jobs if businesses know there will be a market for what they're selling.  So tonight, I challenge you to join me in setting a new goal:  By 2035, 80 percent of America's electricity will come from clean energy sources.  
</p><p>
Some folks want wind and solar.  Others want nuclear, clean coal and natural gas.  To meet this goal, we will need them all &mdash; and I urge Democrats and Republicans to work together to make it happen.  
</p><p>
Maintaining our leadership in research and technology is crucial to America's success.  But if we want to win the future &mdash; if we want innovation to produce jobs in America and not overseas &mdash; then we also have to win the race to educate our kids.
</p><p>
Think about it.  Over the next 10 years, nearly half of all new jobs will require education that goes beyond a high school education.  And yet, as many as a quarter of our students aren't even finishing high school.  The quality of our math and science education lags behind many other nations.  America has fallen to ninth in the proportion of young people with a college degree.  And so the question is whether all of us &mdash; as citizens, and as parents &mdash; are willing to do what's necessary to give every child a chance to succeed.
</p><p>
That responsibility begins not in our classrooms, but in our homes and communities.  It's family that first instills the love of learning in a child.  Only parents can make sure the TV is turned off and homework gets done.  We need to teach our kids that it's not just the winner of the Super Bowl who deserves to be celebrated, but the winner of the science fair.    We need to teach them that success is not a function of fame or PR, but of hard work and discipline.
</p><p>
Our schools share this responsibility.  When a child walks into a classroom, it should be a place of high expectations and high performance.  But too many schools don't meet this test. That's why instead of just pouring money into a system that's not working, we launched a competition called Race to the Top.  To all 50 states, we said, "If you show us the most innovative plans to improve teacher quality and student achievement, we'll show you the money."
</p><p>
Race to the Top is the most meaningful reform of our public schools in a generation.  For less than 1 percent of what we spend on education each year, it has led over 40 states to raise their standards for teaching and learning.  And these standards were developed, by the way, not by Washington, but by Republican and Democratic governors throughout the country.  And Race to the Top should be the approach we follow this year as we replace No Child Left Behind with a law that's more flexible and focused on what's best for our kids.  
</p><p>
You see, we know what's possible from our children when reform isn't just a top-down mandate, but the work of local teachers and principals, school boards and communities.  Take a school like Bruce Randolph in Denver.  Three years ago, it was rated one of the worst schools in Colorado &mdash; located on turf between two rival gangs.  But last May, 97 percent of the seniors received their diploma.  Most will be the first in their families to go to college.  And after the first year of the school's transformation, the principal who made it possible wiped away tears when a student said, "Thank you, Ms. Waters, for showing that we are smart and we can make it."    That's what good schools can do, and we want good schools all across the country.
</p><p>
Let's also remember that after parents, the biggest impact on a child's success comes from the man or woman at the front of the classroom.  In South Korea, teachers are known as "nation builders."  Here in America, it's time we treated the people who educate our children with the same level of respect.    We want to reward good teachers and stop making excuses for bad ones.    And over the next 10 years, with so many baby boomers retiring from our classrooms, we want to prepare 100,000 new teachers in the fields of science and technology and engineering and math.  
</p><p>
In fact, to every young person listening tonight who's contemplating their career choice:  If you want to make a difference in the life of our nation; if you want to make a difference in the life of a child &mdash; become a teacher.  Your country needs you.  
</p><p>
Of course, the education race doesn't end with a high school diploma.  To compete, higher education must be within the reach of every American.    That's why we've ended the unwarranted taxpayer subsidies that went to banks, and used the savings to make college affordable for millions of students.    And this year, I ask Congress to go further, and make permanent our tuition tax credit &mdash; worth $10,000 for four years of college.  It's the right thing to do.  
</p><p>
Because people need to be able to train for new jobs and careers in today's fast-changing economy, we're also revitalizing America's community colleges.  Last month, I saw the promise of these schools at Forsyth Tech in North Carolina.  Many of the students there used to work in the surrounding factories that have since left town.  One mother of two, a woman named Kathy Proctor, had worked in the furniture industry since she was 18 years old.  And she told me she's earning her degree in biotechnology now, at 55 years old, not just because the furniture jobs are gone, but because she wants to inspire her children to pursue their dreams, too.  As Kathy said, "I hope it tells them to never give up."
</p><p>
If we take these steps &mdash; if we raise expectations for every child, and give them the best possible chance at an education, from the day they are born until the last job they take &mdash; we will reach the goal that I set two years ago:  By the end of the decade, America will once again have the highest proportion of college graduates in the world.  
</p><p>
One last point about education.  Today, there are hundreds of thousands of students excelling in our schools who are not American citizens.  Some are the children of undocumented workers, who had nothing to do with the actions of their parents. They grew up as Americans and pledge allegiance to our flag, and yet they live every day with the threat of deportation.  Others come here from abroad to study in our colleges and universities.  But as soon as they obtain advanced degrees, we send them back home to compete against us.  It makes no sense.
</p><p>
Now, I strongly believe that we should take on, once and for all, the issue of illegal immigration.  And I am prepared to work with Republicans and Democrats to protect our borders, enforce our laws and address the millions of undocumented workers who are now living in the shadows.    I know that debate will be difficult.  I know it will take time.  But tonight, let's agree to make that effort.  And let's stop expelling talented, responsible young people who could be staffing our research labs or starting a new business, who could be further enriching this nation.  
</p><p>
The third step in winning the future is rebuilding America.  To attract new businesses to our shores, we need the fastest, most reliable ways to move people, goods, and information &mdash; from high-speed rail to high-speed Internet.  
</p><p>
Our infrastructure used to be the best, but our lead has slipped.  South Korean homes now have greater Internet access than we do.  Countries in Europe and Russia invest more in their roads and railways than we do.  China is building faster trains and newer airports.  Meanwhile, when our own engineers graded our nation's infrastructure, they gave us a "D."
</p><p>
We have to do better.  America is the nation that built the transcontinental railroad, brought electricity to rural communities, constructed the Interstate Highway System.  The jobs created by these projects didn't just come from laying down track or pavement.  They came from businesses that opened near a town's new train station or the new off-ramp.
</p><p>
So over the last two years, we've begun rebuilding for the 21st century, a project that has meant thousands of good jobs for the hard-hit construction industry.  And tonight, I'm proposing that we redouble those efforts.  
</p><p>
We'll put more Americans to work repairing crumbling roads and bridges.  We'll make sure this is fully paid for, attract private investment, and pick projects based [on] what's best for the economy, not politicians.
</p><p>
Within 25 years, our goal is to give 80 percent of Americans access to high-speed rail.    This could allow you to go places in half the time it takes to travel by car.  For some trips, it will be faster than flying &mdash; without the pat-down.    As we speak, routes in California and the Midwest are already underway.
</p><p>
Within the next five years, we'll make it possible for businesses to deploy the next generation of high-speed wireless coverage to 98 percent of all Americans.  This isn't just about &mdash;  &mdash; this isn't about faster Internet or fewer dropped calls.  It's about connecting every part of America to the digital age.  It's about a rural community in Iowa or Alabama where farmers and small business owners will be able to sell their products all over the world.  It's about a firefighter who can download the design of a burning building onto a handheld device; a student who can take classes with a digital textbook; or a patient who can have face-to-face video chats with her doctor.
</p><p>
All these investments &mdash; in innovation, education, and infrastructure &mdash; will make America a better place to do business and create jobs.  But to help our companies compete, we also have to knock down barriers that stand in the way of their success.
</p><p>
For example, over the years, a parade of lobbyists has rigged the tax code to benefit particular companies and industries.  Those with accountants or lawyers to work the system can end up paying no taxes at all.  But all the rest are hit with one of the highest corporate tax rates in the world.  It makes no sense, and it has to change.  
</p><p>
So tonight, I'm asking Democrats and Republicans to simplify the system.  Get rid of the loopholes.  Level the playing field.  And use the savings to lower the corporate tax rate for the first time in 25 years &mdash; without adding to our deficit.  It can be done.  
</p><p>
To help businesses sell more products abroad, we set a goal of doubling our exports by 2014 &mdash; because the more we export, the more jobs we create here at home.  Already, our exports are up.  Recently, we signed agreements with India and China that will support more than 250,000 jobs here in the United States.  And last month, we finalized a trade agreement with South Korea that will support at least 70,000 American jobs.  This agreement has unprecedented support from business and labor, Democrats and Republicans &mdash; and I ask this Congress to pass it as soon as possible.  
</p><p>
Now, before I took office, I made it clear that we would enforce our trade agreements, and that I would only sign deals that keep faith with American workers and promote American jobs.  That's what we did with Korea, and that's what I intend to do as we pursue agreements with Panama and Colombia and continue our Asia Pacific and global trade talks.  
</p><p>
To reduce barriers to growth and investment, I've ordered a review of government regulations.  When we find rules that put an unnecessary burden on businesses, we will fix them.    But I will not hesitate to create or enforce common-sense safeguards to protect the American people.    That's what we've done in this country for more than a century.  It's why our food is safe to eat, our water is safe to drink, and our air is safe to breathe.  It's why we have speed limits and child labor laws.  It's why last year, we put in place consumer protections against hidden fees and penalties by credit card companies and new rules to prevent another financial crisis.    And it's why we passed reform that finally prevents the health insurance industry from exploiting patients.  
</p><p>
Now, I have heard rumors that a few of you still have concerns about our new health care law.    So let me be the first to say that anything can be improved.  If you have ideas about how to improve this law by making care better or more affordable, I am eager to work with you.  We can start right now by correcting a flaw in the legislation that has placed an unnecessary bookkeeping burden on small businesses.  
</p><p>
What I'm not willing to do &mdash; what I'm not willing to do is go back to the days when insurance companies could deny someone coverage because of a preexisting condition.  
</p><p>
I'm not willing to tell James Howard, a brain cancer patient from Texas, that his treatment might not be covered.  I'm not willing to tell Jim Houser, a small business man from Oregon, that he has to go back to paying $5,000 more to cover his employees.  As we speak, this law is making prescription drugs cheaper for seniors and giving uninsured students a chance to stay on their patients' &mdash; parents' coverage.  
</p><p>
So I say to this chamber tonight, instead of re-fighting the battles of the last two years, let's fix what needs fixing and let's move forward.  
</p><p>
Now, the final critical step in winning the future is to make sure we aren't buried under a mountain of debt.
</p><p>
We are living with a legacy of deficit spending that began almost a decade ago.  And in the wake of the financial crisis, some of that was necessary to keep credit flowing, save jobs, and put money in people's pockets.
</p><p>
But now that the worst of the recession is over, we have to confront the fact that our government spends more than it takes in.  That is not sustainable.  Every day, families sacrifice to live within their means.  They deserve a government that does the same.
</p><p>
So tonight, I am proposing that starting this year, we freeze annual domestic spending for the next five years.    Now, this would reduce the deficit by more than $400 billion over the next decade, and will bring discretionary spending to the lowest share of our economy since Dwight Eisenhower was President.
</p><p>
This freeze will require painful cuts.  Already, we've frozen the salaries of hardworking federal employees for the next two years.  I've proposed cuts to things I care deeply about, like community action programs.  The Secretary of Defense has also agreed to cut tens of billions of dollars in spending that he and his generals believe our military can do without.  
</p><p>
I recognize that some in this chamber have already proposed deeper cuts, and I'm willing to eliminate whatever we can honestly afford to do without.  But let's make sure that we're not doing it on the backs of our most vulnerable citizens.    And let's make sure that what we're cutting is really excess weight.  Cutting the deficit by gutting our investments in innovation and education is like lightening an overloaded airplane by removing its engine.  It may make you feel like you're flying high at first, but it won't take long before you feel the impact.  
</p><p>
Now, most of the cuts and savings I've proposed only address annual domestic spending, which represents a little more than 12 percent of our budget.  To make further progress, we have to stop pretending that cutting this kind of spending alone will be enough.  It won't.  
</p><p>
The bipartisan fiscal commission I created last year made this crystal clear.  I don't agree with all their proposals, but they made important progress.  And their conclusion is that the only way to tackle our deficit is to cut excessive spending wherever we find it &mdash; in domestic spending, defense spending, health care spending, and spending through tax breaks and loopholes.  
</p><p>
This means further reducing health care costs, including programs like Medicare and Medicaid, which are the single biggest contributor to our long-term deficit.  The health insurance law we passed last year will slow these rising costs, which is part of the reason that nonpartisan economists have said that repealing the health care law would add a quarter of a trillion dollars to our deficit.  Still, I'm willing to look at other ideas to bring down costs, including one that Republicans suggested last year &mdash; medical malpractice reform to rein in frivolous lawsuits.  
</p><p>
To put us on solid ground, we should also find a bipartisan solution to strengthen Social Security for future generations.    We must do it without putting at risk current retirees, the most vulnerable, or people with disabilities; without slashing benefits for future generations; and without subjecting Americans' guaranteed retirement income to the whims of the stock market.  
</p><p>
And if we truly care about our deficit, we simply can't afford a permanent extension of the tax cuts for the wealthiest 2 percent of Americans.    Before we take money away from our schools or scholarships away from our students, we should ask millionaires to give up their tax break.  It's not a matter of punishing their success.  It's about promoting America's success.  
</p><p>
In fact, the best thing we could do on taxes for all Americans is to simplify the individual tax code.    This will be a tough job, but members of both parties have expressed an interest in doing this, and I am prepared to join them.  
</p><p>
So now is the time to act.  Now is the time for both sides and both houses of Congress &mdash; Democrats and Republicans &mdash; to forge a principled compromise that gets the job done.  If we make the hard choices now to rein in our deficits, we can make the investments we need to win the future.
</p><p>
Let me take this one step further.  We shouldn't just give our people a government that's more affordable.  We should give them a government that's more competent and more efficient.  We can't win the future with a government of the past.  
</p><p>
We live and do business in the Information Age, but the last major reorganization of the government happened in the age of black-and-white TV.  There are 12 different agencies that deal with exports.  There are at least five different agencies that deal with housing policy.  Then there's my favorite example:  The Interior Department is in charge of salmon while they're in fresh water, but the Commerce Department handles them when they're in saltwater.    I hear it gets even more complicated once they're smoked.  
</p><p>
Now, we've made great strides over the last two years in using technology and getting rid of waste.  Veterans can now download their electronic medical records with a click of the mouse.  We're selling acres of federal office space that hasn't been used in years, and we'll cut through red tape to get rid of more.  But we need to think bigger.  In the coming months, my administration will develop a proposal to merge, consolidate, and reorganize the federal government in a way that best serves the goal of a more competitive America.  I will submit that proposal to Congress for a vote &mdash; and we will push to get it passed.  
</p><p>
In the coming year, we'll also work to rebuild people's faith in the institution of government.  Because you deserve to know exactly how and where your tax dollars are being spent, you'll be able to go to a website and get that information for the very first time in history.  Because you deserve to know when your elected officials are meeting with lobbyists, I ask Congress to do what the White House has already done &mdash; put that information online.  And because the American people deserve to know that special interests aren't larding up legislation with pet projects, both parties in Congress should know this:  If a bill comes to my desk with earmarks inside, I will veto it.  I will veto it.  
</p><p>
The 21st century government that's open and competent.  A government that lives within its means.  An economy that's driven by new skills and new ideas.  Our success in this new and changing world will require reform, responsibility, and innovation.  It will also require us to approach that world with a new level of engagement in our foreign affairs.
</p><p>
Just as jobs and businesses can now race across borders, so can new threats and new challenges.  No single wall separates East and West.  No one rival superpower is aligned against us.
</p><p>
And so we must defeat determined enemies, wherever they are, and build coalitions that cut across lines of region and race and religion.  And America's moral example must always shine for all who yearn for freedom and justice and dignity.  And because we've begun this work, tonight we can say that American leadership has been renewed and America's standing has been restored.
</p><p>
Look to Iraq, where nearly 100,000 of our brave men and women have left with their heads held high.    American combat patrols have ended, violence is down, and a new government has been formed.  This year, our civilians will forge a lasting partnership with the Iraqi people, while we finish the job of bringing our troops out of Iraq.  America's commitment has been kept.  The Iraq war is coming to an end.  
</p><p>
Of course, as we speak, al Qaeda and their affiliates continue to plan attacks against us.  Thanks to our intelligence and law enforcement professionals, we're disrupting plots and securing our cities and skies.  And as extremists try to inspire acts of violence within our borders, we are responding with the strength of our communities, with respect for the rule of law, and with the conviction that American Muslims are a part of our American family.      
</p><p>
We've also taken the fight to al Qaeda and their allies abroad.  In Afghanistan, our troops have taken Taliban strongholds and trained Afghan security forces.  Our purpose is clear:  By preventing the Taliban from reestablishing a stranglehold over the Afghan people, we will deny al Qaeda the safe haven that served as a launching pad for 9/11.
</p><p>
Thanks to our heroic troops and civilians, fewer Afghans are under the control of the insurgency.  There will be tough fighting ahead, and the Afghan government will need to deliver better governance.  But we are strengthening the capacity of the Afghan people and building an enduring partnership with them.  This year, we will work with nearly 50 countries to begin a transition to an Afghan lead.  And this July, we will begin to bring our troops home.  
</p><p>
In Pakistan, al Qaeda's leadership is under more pressure than at any point since 2001.  Their leaders and operatives are being removed from the battlefield.  Their safe havens are shrinking.  And we've sent a message from the Afghan border to the Arabian Peninsula to all parts of the globe:  We will not relent, we will not waver, and we will defeat you.  
</p><p>
American leadership can also be seen in the effort to secure the worst weapons of war.  Because Republicans and Democrats approved the New START treaty, far fewer nuclear weapons and launchers will be deployed.  Because we rallied the world, nuclear materials are being locked down on every continent so they never fall into the hands of terrorists.  
</p><p>
Because of a diplomatic effort to insist that Iran meet its obligations, the Iranian government now faces tougher sanctions, tighter sanctions than ever before.  And on the Korean Peninsula, we stand with our ally South Korea, and insist that North Korea keeps its commitment to abandon nuclear weapons.  
</p><p>
This is just a part of how we're shaping a world that favors peace and prosperity.  With our European allies, we revitalized NATO and increased our cooperation on everything from counterterrorism to missile defense.  We've reset our relationship with Russia, strengthened Asian alliances, built new partnerships with nations like India.
</p><p>
This March, I will travel to Brazil, Chile, and El Salvador to forge new alliances across the Americas.  Around the globe, we're standing with those who take responsibility &mdash; helping farmers grow more food, supporting doctors who care for the sick, and combating the corruption that can rot a society and rob people of opportunity.
</p><p>
Recent events have shown us that what sets us apart must not just be our power &mdash; it must also be the purpose behind it.  In south Sudan &mdash; with our assistance &mdash; the people were finally able to vote for independence after years of war.    Thousands lined up before dawn.  People danced in the streets.  One man who lost four of his brothers at war summed up the scene around him:  "This was a battlefield for most of my life," he said.  "Now we want to be free."  
</p><p>
And we saw that same desire to be free in Tunisia, where the will of the people proved more powerful than the writ of a dictator.  And tonight, let us be clear:  The United States of America stands with the people of Tunisia, and supports the democratic aspirations of all people.  
</p><p>
We must never forget that the things we've struggled for, and fought for, live in the hearts of people everywhere.  And we must always remember that the Americans who have borne the greatest burden in this struggle are the men and women who serve our country.  
</p><p>
Tonight, let us speak with one voice in reaffirming that our nation is united in support of our troops and their families.  Let us serve them as well as they've served us &mdash; by giving them the equipment they need, by providing them with the care and benefits that they have earned, and by enlisting our veterans in the great task of building our own nation.
</p><p>
Our troops come from every corner of this country &mdash; they're black, white, Latino, Asian, Native American.  They are Christian and Hindu, Jewish and Muslim.  And, yes, we know that some of them are gay.  Starting this year, no American will be forbidden from serving the country they love because of who they love.    And with that change, I call on all our college campuses to open their doors to our military recruiters and ROTC.  It is time to leave behind the divisive battles of the past.  It is time to move forward as one nation.  
</p><p>
We should have no illusions about the work ahead of us. Reforming our schools, changing the way we use energy, reducing our deficit &mdash; none of this will be easy.  All of it will take time.  And it will be harder because we will argue about everything.  The costs.  The details.  The letter of every law.
</p><p>
Of course, some countries don't have this problem.  If the central government wants a railroad, they build a railroad, no matter how many homes get bulldozed.  If they don't want a bad story in the newspaper, it doesn't get written.
</p><p>
And yet, as contentious and frustrating and messy as our democracy can sometimes be, I know there isn't a person here who would trade places with any other nation on Earth.  
</p><p>
We may have differences in policy, but we all believe in the rights enshrined in our Constitution.  We may have different opinions, but we believe in the same promise that says this is a place where you can make it if you try.  We may have different backgrounds, but we believe in the same dream that says this is a country where anything is possible.  No matter who you are.  No matter where you come from.
</p><p>
That dream is why I can stand here before you tonight.  That dream is why a working-class kid from Scranton can sit behind me.    That dream is why someone who began by sweeping the floors of his father's Cincinnati bar can preside as Speaker of the House in the greatest nation on Earth.  
</p><p>
That dream &mdash; that American Dream &mdash; is what drove the Allen Brothers to reinvent their roofing company for a new era.  It's what drove those students at Forsyth Tech to learn a new skill and work towards the future.  And that dream is the story of a small business owner named Brandon Fisher.
</p><p>
Brandon started a company in Berlin, Pennsylvania, that specializes in a new kind of drilling technology.  And one day last summer, he saw the news that halfway across the world, 33 men were trapped in a Chilean mine, and no one knew how to save them.
</p><p>
But Brandon thought his company could help.  And so he designed a rescue that would come to be known as Plan B.  His employees worked around the clock to manufacture the necessary drilling equipment.  And Brandon left for Chile.
</p><p>
Along with others, he began drilling a 2,000-foot hole into the ground, working three- or four-hour &mdash; three or four days at a time without any sleep.  Thirty-seven days later, Plan B succeeded, and the miners were rescued.    But because he didn't want all of the attention, Brandon wasn't there when the miners emerged.  He'd already gone back home, back to work on his next project.
</p><p>
And later, one of his employees said of the rescue, "We proved that Center Rock is a little company, but we do big things."  
</p><p>
We do big things.
</p><p>
From the earliest days of our founding, America has been the story of ordinary people who dare to dream.  That's how we win the future.
</p><p>
We're a nation that says, "I might not have a lot of money, but I have this great idea for a new company."  "I might not come from a family of college graduates, but I will be the first to get my degree."  "I might not know those people in trouble, but I think I can help them, and I need to try."  "I'm not sure how we'll reach that better place beyond the horizon, but I know we'll get there.  I know we will."
</p><p>
We do big things.  
</p><p>
The idea of America endures.  Our destiny remains our choice.  And tonight, more than two centuries later, it's because of our people that our future is hopeful, our journey goes forward, and the state of our union is strong.
</p><p>
Thank you.  God bless you, and may God bless the United States of America.  
</p><p>
END     10:13 P.M. EST</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>SoCal Connected Wins Four Golden Mike Awards</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/awards/socal-connected-wins-4-golden-mike-awards.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41836</id>

    <published>2012-01-24T00:20:57Z</published>
    <updated>2012-01-28T06:25:28Z</updated>

    <summary>The Golden Mike Awards® recognize excellence in broadcast journalism.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Miguel Contreras</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=4643</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Awards" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
    <category term="award" label="award" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<p><br />
<a href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/shows/socal_connected/images/goldenmikes2011.jpg"><img src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/goldenmikes2011-thumb-300x200-22641.jpg" width="300" height="200" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 10px 10px 20px 0;" /></a></p>

<p>KCET, the nation's largest independent public television station serving Southern and Central California, is pleased to announce <em>SoCal Connected</em>, the station's hard-hitting weekly news program was honored with four Golden Mike Awards® in division A by the Radio & Television Digital News Association of Southern California (RTNDA), including Best News Public Affairs Program, Best Documentary, Best Investigative Reporting and Best Original News Commentary.</p>

<p>Formally announced at the awards ceremony on Saturday, the Golden Mike Awards® recognize excellence in broadcast journalism.  Last year, <em>SoCal Connected</em> received seven Golden Mikes - more than any other station. <br />
 <br />
Read more at the <a href="http://www.kcet.org/about/pressroom/press-releases/socal-connected-wins-four-golden-mike-awards.html">KCET Press Room</a> to see which stories were honored.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>The Great Green Rush: Desert Solar Energy Leaving Tortoise in the Dust?</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/environment/desert-tortoise.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41806</id>

    <published>2012-01-21T05:20:00Z</published>
    <updated>2012-01-24T19:48:51Z</updated>

    <summary>Correspondent Judy Muller travels to the Mojave Desert to witness the &quot;green rush,&quot; where the endangered desert tortoise is in a race to survive.</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Miguel Contreras</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=4643</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Economy" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Environment" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Government" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Politics" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Science &amp; Tech" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Segment" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
    <category term="conservation" label="conservation" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="desert" label="desert" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="ecobuilding" label="eco-building" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="ecofriendly" label="eco-friendly" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="government" label="government" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="green" label="green" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="mojave" label="Mojave" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="sustainability" label="sustainability" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<p><em>Special thanks to Stephen M. Wessells of USGS for use of the desert tortoise footage.</em>
</p>

<p><strong>TRANSCRIPT:</strong><br />
Judy Muller: At first glance, the view along the interstate between Nevada and California might seem an odd place for a battle over protecting pristine desert habitat. Casinos and shopping outlets give way to towering transmission lines. This is the Ivanpah Valley, where a huge solar plant is under construction on public land. 
</p><p>
Joe Desmond/BrightSource: When this is completed, this will actually be the largest solar-thermal project of its kind in the world. 
</p><p>
Muller: These 3600 acres have been designated by the Bureau of Land Management as a Solar Energy Zone, an area with plenty of sun, easy access to transmission lines, and supposedly low environmental impacts. But as it turned out, this particular part of the Mojave Desert is prime habitat for a threatened species &mdash; the desert tortoise. 
</p><p>
Dr. Michael Connor/Western Watersheds: Losing them would be a disaster for the desert. It's like, what's the point of saving the desert if you can't save this keystone species, one of the most recognizable species in the desert.
</p><p>
Muller: And it has a good image. 
</p><p>
Connor: It has a great image. 
</p><p>
Muller: The tortoise, as we all know from that old fable, is in the race for the long haul. It can live to be 80 years old, acting as the engineer of the desert, digging burrows used by other animals and aerating the soil. So, how did this threatened species get overlooked? Seems the federal government relied on an estimate provided by the solar company BrightSource, which initially counted only 25 tortoises on the property. 
</p><p>
Muller: Is that bad science? 
</p><p>
Larry LaPre/Bureau of Land Management Biologist: I would characterize it as "dirt science." It's inexact. You're looking for an animal that spends 90 percent of its time underground. 
</p><p>
Muller: Once construction began, tortoises began popping up everywhere. The estimated number went from 25 to more than 150. Last April, the BLM ordered a halt to construction in two areas until BrightSource developed a plan to expand their protection of the tortoise. 
</p><p>
Desmond: That involves a number of steps. Part One is moving them out of the areas where we'll be constructing, and then later, relocating them back into those areas or other areas that are approved and meet with the criteria that they need for proper habitat. 
</p><p>
Muller: But for all those efforts, up to 1100 desert tortoises could be injured or killed because of construction or loss of habitat, according to the Department of Interior. Three have already died since construction began. Tortoises found on the site are being held in these pens. It's tight quarters for an animal known to roam up to 12 miles a day. All tortoises are watched over by a biologist hired by BrightSource. She admits to having mixed feelings. 
</p><p>
Mercy Vaughn/BrightSource Biologist: It definitely generates some emotional turmoil, there's no question about that. However, there's no question that with what was discovered on this site after construction began, that BrightSource has done everything in their power to do the right thing for the tortoise. 
</p><p>
Muller: That includes watching over the young hatchlings and then protecting them in the "head start" pen until they are predator proof.
</p><p>
Vaughn: So, to a point where their shell  ossifies, and ravens and other avian predators are less likely to attack them. 
</p><p>
Muller: That's why there's a net overhead.  
</p><p>
Vaughn: And that's why there's a net overhead. 
</p><p>
Muller: BrightSource now has 90 juvenile tortoises which will be kept here for five years. The adults, meanwhile, will be relocated this spring. But tortoises do not always take well to being moved. A recent effort to translocate tortoises from nearby Ft. Irwin resulted in a 50 percent mortality rate. But at least one environmental group would prefer to relocate BrightSource. Western Watersheds has filed suit in federal court to stop construction at Ivanpah. 
</p><p>
Connor: The government cannot just go ahead, take our public land, and decide that they're going to put a commercial enterprise on it. Almost all the conscientious environmentalists that I know think that the Ivanpah project is in the wrong place. 
</p><p>
Muller: But, in fact, this issue has split environmental groups because of conflicting priorities. On the one hand, you have the push to encourage renewable energy as part of the effort to battle climate change. On the other hand, there's the fight to protect endangered species in the desert. The question is, "How do you do both?"
</p><p>
Joan Taylor/Sierra Club: Well, I feel and the Sierra Club feels very strongly that we must ramp up solar and other forms of renewable energy. There's no question about it. And really anyone with half a brain could see this coming. 
</p><p>
Muller: Joan Taylor, who heads the Club's regional desert committee, opposes the Ivanpah project because of its location &mdash; prime tortoise habitat. That has put her at odds, at times, with the Sierra Club National. 
</p><p>
Taylor: I've never seen the Club so torn up over anything. So, I'm proud to say I think the Club has come over more to a protective stance for the desert, to advocating strongly for distributive renewables, that is, at load centers. 
</p><p>
Muller: By "load centers," she means energy produced closer to where it's used, like Los Angeles. Michael Connor agrees. 
</p><p>
Connor: Just get solar panels on everybody's roof. 
</p><p>
Muller: Well, realistically, that's not going to happen. You think? 
</p><p>
Connor: Okay, realistically, projects like BrightSource couldn't happen. The thing that made it happen was the fact that the government chipped in $1.6 billion in, you know, federal backing for this project. Put $1.6 billion into putting photovoltaic panels on people's roofs in Los Angeles. I'd be happy to take one. 
</p><p>
Muller: This new gold rush, or "green rush," to get solar projects approved in the desert is spurred, in part, by a state mandate to have 33 percent of our energy come from renewable resources by the year 2020, but it's also spurred by money. Federal subsidies for solar projects have tripled in the last five years from $5 billion to $15 billion. 
</p><p>
Taylor: There's no risk. In other words, there is a loan, but it's guaranteed by the government. There's no skin in the game. It's too good to be true. 
</p><p>
Muller: The push for solar projects in the desert is not just financial, it's political. BrightSource's former chairman, John Bryson, was also the CEO of a utility involved in the Ivanpah deal. A well-known environmentalist, he was a fundraiser for President Obama and was recently appointed Commerce Secretary.
</p><p>
BLM employees often feel caught in the middle, much like they felt during the Bush years, when there was pressure to approve gas drilling on public land.
</p><p>
LaPre: Getting renewable energy is the global vision that the President has. And so, here we are carrying that out, and encountering obstacles along the way.
</p><p>
Muller: As if to underscore the political pressure, a representative of BrightSource arrived at the scene to observe our interview. She'd been alerted, in fact, by the BLM. Even so, BLM biologist LaPre spoke frankly. He said Ivanpah caught a break by being the first applicant for solar development on federal land.
</p><p>
LaPre: If it came later, there might not be a power plant here.  
Muller: Why? 
 
LaPre: Because it's productive desert, has the rare plants, it has those tortoises &mdash; the environmental mitigation is very costly. And the whole thing could have been built cheaper on a less-sensitive site.
</p><p>
Muller: LaPre worries as much about the rare plants as the tortoise. He took us on a tour of an area BrightSource has agreed to set aside to protect rare plants like the pincushion cactus and the barrel cactus. 
</p><p>
LaPre: So there's, there's Mojave yucca plants out here that are easily 500 years old, some that are a thousand years old. 
</p><p>
Muller: So we're looking at the desert equivalent of an old-growth forest, basically. 
 
LaPre: Yes. A lot of the desert is that way.
</p><p>
Muller: BrightSource is going to dig a trench through a corner of this protected area for a natural gas pipeline, even though the original plan called for going around it. LaPre says the shortcut will actually disturb fewer plants than the original route, but he is still disturbed by the precedent.  
</p><p>
LaPre: I think the less disturbance has a benefit, but it does create a swath in the middle of the protected area. They are going to... 
</p><p>
Muller: So you have mixed feeling. I'm trying to figure… 
</p><p>
LaPre: I have mixed feelings about that.
</p><p>
Muller: One person who does not have mixed feelings about BrightSource is Frazier Haney with Wildlands Conservancy.
</p><p>
Frazier Haney: We feel that solar development is necessary, but to destroy complex, pristine lands unnecessarily is unacceptable. 
</p><p>
Muller: In an effort to preserve vital wildlife and recreation areas in the Mojave Desert, Haney's group raised $45 million back in the 90s to help purchase a thousand square miles of private land, and then donate the whole parcel to the federal government. It was the largest nonprofit land gift in American history, prompting a letter of gratitude from then-President Bill Clinton. Then, the green rush began, and the BLM decided to give part of that land to BrightSource and other energy companies for solar development. 
</p><p>

Haney: We were absolutely outraged, absolutely outraged. That was many years of work on our part, and we felt that it was a gift to the American people and to the public trust. And it's not just Wildlands that should have been outraged. There were $18 million in land and water conservation funds, public monies that went into purchasing this land for conservation. And for that land to be turned around and allowed to be applied on for industrial private development just a few years later is shameful, really.  
</p><p>
Muller: Senator Diane Feinstein put a stop to that development when she moved to make the area part of a proposed Mojave Trails National Monument, but the proposal is still pending in Congress. Back at Ivanpah, construction is on schedule. The plan is to create a huge circle of enormous mirrors called "heliostats," 66,000 of them that will concentrate the sunlight on a boiler tower 45 stories tall, where steam will be heated to drive a turbine. Eventually, three of these huge circles will produce enough wattage to power a city the size of Pasadena. Even so, its primary critics think its credentials as a green energy source are exaggerated.  
</p><p>
Connor: It's not simply, you know, photovoltaic panels shining in the sun turning, you know, solar light into energy. It requires a gas pipeline to keep it going. This is a solar-thermal project. It's very much a power plant.  
</p><p>
Muller: BrightSource says solar-thermal can generate a lot more energy than photovoltaics at a lower cost, and points out that no energy source is 100 percent green.  
</p><p>
This plan actually uses 90 percent less water than more traditional concentrating solar power plants. In an area like the desert, that's really important. We use natural gas in the mornings so we can ramp up quickly and make the most of the sun when it comes up. So, the two work in tandem, but the amount of natural gas we actually use, we limit it to no more than 5 percent. So, taken as a whole, I'd say it's pretty clean.  
</p><p>
Muller: Pretty clean unless you ask the tortoise. Whatever happens at Ivanpah, the battle is bound to continue. Twenty-six utility-scale solar projects are in the works for California's deserts, many in the Mojave. Meanwhile, a group made up of environmentalists, developers, and government officials is trying to finish the state's Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan or DRECP, basically a road map of the best places to establish solar developments.  
</p><p>
Taylor: At least with the DRECP, the habitat plan, there will be some direction provided, some cover given, an incentive to do it the right way versus now which is free-for-all.  
</p><p>
Muller: It's expected to be finished in about two years, the pace a tortoise would certainly understand. I'm Judy Muller for <em>SoCal Connected</em>.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Guide: Seven Incredibly Old Mojave Desert Plants</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/environment/seven-incredibly-ancient-mojave-desert-plants.html" />
    <id>tag:www.kcet.org,2012:/shows/socal_connected/content//11.41813</id>

    <published>2012-01-21T05:10:52Z</published>
    <updated>2012-01-28T07:00:10Z</updated>

    <summary>Miles of desert scruff may summon up only middle-of-nowhere feelings, but take a closer look and you&apos;ll be spotting plants that can or have lived thousands of years. </summary>
    <author>
        <name>Chris Clarke</name>
        <uri>http://www.kcet.org/cgi-bin/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=view&amp;blog_id=11&amp;id=2578</uri>
    </author>
    
        <category term="Environment" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
        <category term="Science &amp; Tech" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category" />
    
    <category term="desert" label="desert" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="deserttortoise" label="desert tortoise" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="joshuatree" label="joshua tree" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="mojave" label="Mojave" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="mojavedesert" label="mojave desert" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="nature" label="nature" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    <category term="plants" label="plants" scheme="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag" />
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/">
        <![CDATA[<p><img alt="There are some ancient plants in this photo, but not the ones you're guessing. | Chris Clarke photo" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/clarkalpenglow-thumb-597x398-22494.jpg" width="580" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" /></p>

<p><em><strong>Editor's Note</strong>: Driving between Los Angeles and Las Vegas may summon up those middle-of-nowhere feelings. On the outset, the vast spaces of monotonous desert look empty, but take a closer look with the help of this guide and you'll be spotting plants that can or have lived thousands of years. </p>

<p>Chris Clarke, a California desert resident and advocate, earlier this month spoke at the California Native Plant Society's Conservation Conference about old-growth plants in the desert. He's also <a href="http://www.kcet.org/user/profile/cclarke">a regular KCET.org commentator</a> and here shares what's easily overlooked.</em></p>

<p>The desert is a harsh place to live. Plants that grow here for more than a single growing season grow slowly, a few inches or less in a good year. And as is the case with the fabled bristlecone pine of California's White Mountains, which can live for 5,000 years or more, that slow growth habit can bring with it immense longevity. Many of the plants native to the Mojave Desert have astonishingly long lifespans. But not necessarily the plants you might guess. </p>

<p>It's easy to find references to "ancient Joshua trees," for instance, and people will tell you of trees with ages upwards of 700 years. The trees can certainly <i>look</i> ancient; gnarled and twisted and battered. But as it turns out, that's not the case. It's hard to determine Joshua trees' ages precisely, as their trunks lack annual rings, but based on the rate at which the trees grow, it looks like most die before their 200th birthday, with almost none reaching 300. That's impressive enough compared to our measly threescore years and ten, but it's not bristlecone-caliber ancient.</p>

<p><img alt="A relatively young clump of Mojave yucca, only about 500 years old or so | Chris Clarke photo" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/4260990135_4a92769126_z-thumb-597x398-22498.jpg" width="580" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" /></p>

<p><strong>Mojave Yucca</strong></p>

<p>The Joshua tree's cousin the Mojave yucca (Yucca schidigera) is a different matter. Sometimes mistaken for a Joshua tree despite its coarser build and the fact that it rarely branches, a Mojave yucca can outlive its more graceful relative by many centuries. An individual Mojave yucca plant grown from a seed will, when it reaches maturity after a century or so, grow little side shoots that eventually become full-fledged adults themselves. Those side shoots have their own side-shoots, and so does the next generation, and the next. Eventually the original shoot will die out and decay, leaving a ring of yucca stems that are, unless their subterranean connection is severed, essentially all the same plant. </p>

<p>We can estimate the age of a group of these clonal shoots by measuring its width and calculating how long it would have taken to reach that width. Estimates of growth rate for Mojave yucca clumps vary by about a factor of three – a foot wider each 30 years, or each 100? – but even using the more conservative 30 year rule of thumb, Mojave yucca clumps in excess of 700 years abound throughout the Mojave Desert. One ring near Lucerne Valley was described in the <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/gallery/oldest-things/2">New Scientist</a> as in excess of 12,000 years of age, quite possibly an overexuberant estimate. That particular ring is <i>certainly</i> several thousand years old, however.</p>

<p><img alt="King Clone | USFWS Photo" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/king_clone-thumb-597x448-22496.jpg" width="580" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" /></p>

<p><strong>Creosote Bush</strong></p>

<p>That's not to say there aren't 12,000-year-old plants in the Mojave, though. Take the creosote bush, <i>Larrea tridentata</i>, which possesses the same habit of forming clonal rings that expand, very slowly, over the millennia. The best-known of these creosote rings is "King Clone," near Landers, dated by biologist Frank Vasek at about 11,700 years of age. When the creosote seed from which King Clone grew hit the soil, it might have been tamped down by a mammoth or a Shasta ground sloth.</p>

<p>King Clone is unbelievably old, but there are plenty of creosote bushes in the Mojave that are merely astonishingly old. One specimen in a Lancaster city park has been estimated at about 800 years old. It's a nice looking plant, large and rather impressive - and there are many thousands of creosote bushes just like it throughout the Mojave.</p>

<p><img alt="Big galleta grass meadow in Imperial County | Chris Clarke photo" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/pleuraphis-thumb-597x895-22500.jpg" width="300" height="450" class="mt-image-right" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 20px 20px;" /><strong>Big Galleta Grass</strong></p>

<p>Even the lowly bunchgrasses in the Mojave can attain significant age. In a <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2307/3236354/abstract">rephotography study of 19th century photographs from the Grand Canyon area</a>, one of the plant species found to have persisted for more than a century was the unprepossessing native bunchgrass big galleta (<i>Pleuraphis rigida</i>). A lifespan in excess of 100 years isn't bad for a grass. </p>

<p>Big galleta is easily recognizable: it grows throughout the Mojave (and elsewhere in the California Deserts) in washes, on broad plains, in clefts in rocks, and just about anywhere else it can get a toehold. In good conditions, like those shown here in the Colorado Desert west of El Centro, a galleta clump will get to be about three feet tall and as wide. It's a favored browse plant for many animals including  bighorn sheep and desert tortoise, and it serves as a nurse plant for hundreds of other desert plant species, providing shelter and camouflage as tender seedlings slowly harden to the rigors of the desert.</p>

<div><img alt="" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/buckhorn-thumb-597x399-22509.jpg" width="580" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" /><div class="htmlcaption">Buckhorn cholla | Photo by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/ryan_orr/337630236/">Ryan Orr</a>/Flickr/<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/deed.en">Creative Commons LIcense</a></div></div>

<p><strong>Buckhorn cholla</strong></p>

<p>Among the plants that take advantage of galleta's nursery are chollas, those fiercely armed jointed cacti with the intimidating spines. At first glance, chollas would seem like excellent candidates for serious longevity, and many of them do in fact live for centuries. The rather nondescript buckhorn cholla, <i>Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa,</i> may well outlive most of its kin.</p>

<p>Ranging from the easternmost reaches of the California Mojave through Nevada, Utah, and Arizona into northern Mexico, buckhorn cholla differs from many other chollas by its moderately sparse coat of spines, and the unique purple-red color of its floral filaments, a nice contrast with its (usually) yellow flowers. When it's happy a buckhorn cholla can reach 10 feet tall, but three is more usual.</p>

<p>To my knowledge no one has nailed down a reliable figure for buckhorn cholla longevity, but an article published in 2000 offers an intriguing hint that that longevity may be very long indeed. In a <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2307/3236627/abstract">15-year survey</a> of a plot of land in the <a href="http://nrs.ucop.edu/reserves/sweeney_granite/sweeney_granite.htm">Sweeney Granite Mountains Desert Research Center</a> in the Mojave National Preserve, Martin Cody and his colleagues charted the "births" and deaths of shrubs on that plot from 1981-1996, and extrapolated the likely maximum lifespans of many of the species growing there. Some species turned out to have impressive potential lifespans indeed: more than 700 years for east Mojave buckwheat, 425 for spiny <em>Menodora</em>, and a couple species with even longer lifespans. Four species had no casualties over the 15-year study period, and so the researchers could not establish a likely maximum lifespan. They were Mojave yucca, creosote bush, buckhorn cholla, and one other shrub we'll get to in a minute. </p>

<p>That study doesn't offer enough data to say conclusively that buckhorn cholla can live for millennia, but given the other species on the "too long to measure" list it sure looks promising. It may well be that that pesky buckhorn cholla stem that has painfully attached itself to your pant leg sprouted some time around the <A href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Hastings">Battle of Hastings.</a></p>

<div><img alt="" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/Ephedra-thumb-597x447-22517.jpg" width="580" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" /><div class="htmlcaption">Mormon tea | Photo by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/mollivan_jon/346077447/">Jon Sullivan</a>/Flickr/<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/deed.en">Creative Commons License</a></div></div>

<p><strong>Mormon Tea</strong></p>

<p>This odd little plant, known botanically as <i>Ephedra nevadensis,</i> was the other "lived too long to measure its age" species in Martin Cody's study referenced just above. This seems fitting: Mormon tea is what people sometimes misleadingly refer to as a "living fossil" in that the vast majority of its close relatives have gone extinct. (One of its cousins that's still around, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwitschia_mirabilis">Welwitschia</a>, is possibly the oddest long-lived desert plant ever, but it isn't native to the Mojave.) Ephedra is a gymnosperm, more closely related to pines and spruces than it is to true flowering plants. It's easily recognized by its oddly jointed, leafless stems bearing either small cones or the scars from former cones at the joints. </p>

<p>Mormon tea is so-called because it has been used as a beverage for both medicinal and recreational purposes: it contains moderate amounts of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, enough for a mild stimulant (and decongestant) effect. (Don't try this yourself unless you are certain you've got the right plant. Some plants that should not be consumed resemble Ephedra enough to confuse people not well-versed in plant identification. And never take cuttings of any plant on protected or private land without permission.) Mormon tea is an important wildlife food source, with large animals browsing on the stems and smaller ones gathering its seeds. It isn't showy or prominent, unless you're looking for it: it just plugs along, feeding wild things and growing back after it's browsed.</p>

<p>Mormon tea provides a telling indication of just how little we know about even the most common desert plants. While Cody's study indicated that the species may have a very long lifespan, the US Forest Service describes the species' lifespan in frustratingly vague terms as <a href="http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/shrub/ephnev/all.html">"more than 100 years,</a> many other reputable-seeming sources describe the plant as <a href="http://en2.hortipedia.com/wiki/Ephedra_nevadensis">short-lived</a> -- possibly describing its longevity in cultivation or under heavy grazing pressure. We know so little about this plant, and it's not exactly rare. The desert is truly <i>terra incognita,</i> and developing desert wildlands may destroy treasures we don't even know exist.</p>

<div><img alt="" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/thamnosma-thumb-597x398-22515.jpg" width="580" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" /><div class="htmlcaption">Turpentine broom's tell-tale flowers | Photo by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/38213125@N00/4472877297/">Joe Decruyenaere</a>/Flickr/<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en">Creative Commons License</a></div></div>

<p><strong>Turpentine Broom</strong></p>

<p>At first glance, this species -- <i>Thamnosma montana</i> -- could be mistaken for Mormon Tea by a beginner: its stem structure is roughly similar, and its leaves are few, small, and temporary. This underscores the importance of getting your plant IDs right before making tea: Turpentine broom has variously been used as an emetic, a laxative, a hallucinogen, and a pesticide. </p>

<p>Fortunately, it isn't really that hard to tell the two species apart. <i>Thamnosma montana</i> is a distinctive chartreuse color, and holds small, deep purple flowers up and down its stems. A member of the same plant family (Rutaceae) as citrus, it grows at middle elevations below about 5,500 feet. It's unpalatable to most livestock, though bighorn sheep do eat it. One of turpentine broom's chief ecological values is as a soil-builder: its dense crown of thin stems catches wind-blown organic matter and holds it. </p>

<p>The species is also an important host plant for butterflies. A few years ago on Cima Dome in the Mojave National Preserve, I watched as an unusual hatch of fall butterflies swarmed the desert. One of the species that showed up, the <a href="http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Papilio-indra">Indra swallowtail</a>, was especially drawn to the abundant turpentine broom there on the Dome, and I watched as the females laid one tiny, jade-colored egg after another on the chartreuse stems, there to hatch out as caterpillars to eat the plant's meager leaves.</p>

<p>One other difference between turpentine broom and ephedra: nobody refers to turpentine broom as "short-lived." Cody's study put an approximate ceiling on the species' longevity in the Mojave Preserve, saying that about five percent of the individual turpentine broom plants under study would likely live around 1,150 years. </p>

<div><img alt="" src="http://www.kcet.org/shows/socal_connected/content/assets_c/2012/01/CosoMtnsBlackbrush-thumb-597x388-22519.jpg" width="580" class="mt-image-left" style="float: left; margin: 0 20px 20px 0;" /><div class="htmlcaption">Blackbrush in the Coso Mountains | Photo courtesy <a href="http://basinandrangewatch.org/">BasinandRangeWatch.org</a></div></div>

<p><strong>Blackbrush</strong></p>

<p>Alert readers will recall that <i>Coleogyne ramossissima</i>, a.k.a. the almost ubiquitous blackbrush, has already been featured <a href="http://www.kcet.org/updaily/the_back_forty/commentary/the-most-astonishing-boring-plant-in-the-mojave.html">here at KCET.org</a> as part of an incredibly long-lived vegetative community. As that previous article explains, a solid cover of blackbrush, which you can find throughout the Mojave at elevations between 2,000 and 5,000 feet, may take as long as <a href="http://www.kcet.org/updaily/the_back_forty/commentary/the-most-astonishing-boring-plant-in-the-mojave.html">15,000 years to develop,</a> or even longer. </p>

<p>Individual blackbrush plants are no slouches in the longevity department, either. Cody's study in the Granite Mountains put blackbrush's top five percent longevity at around 1,250 years. </p>

<p>The list of potentially ancient plants in the Mojave goes on: these are merely some of the most common and easily seen species. You can see hundreds of individuals of every single one of these species on a drive from L.A. to Las Vegas without leaving the Interstate. Many of them are centuries old, or even millennia. All of them are worth learning more about, cherishing and protecting.</p>]]>
        
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</entry>

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