How Baxter Became One of L.A.’s Steepest Streets

From Dead Man’s Curve on Sunset to the impossibly short on-ramps of the Arroyo Seco Parkway, Los Angeles roadways offer many opportunities for white-knuckled motoring. But perhaps none is as terrifying – or as thrill-inducing – as Baxter Street.

Tracing a straight line through Echo Park and Silver Lake, the road seemingly thumbs its nose at the underlying topography, crawling over hills and plunging into ravines. One stretch between Allessandro and Alvarado claims a 32 percent grade, among the steepest in the city. Just over the hill past Lemoyne, a grid pattern embedded in the concrete helps tires better grip the road.

Circa 1937 photo of Baxter Street, by Herman Schultheis, courtesy of the Herman J. Schultheis Collection​ – Los Angeles Public Library.

Today, the city caps street grades at 15 percent, and new roads generally conform to the contours of the landscape. So how did such a street as Baxter ever get built?

It began as a sliver of land in an 1853 survey, separating empty real estate tracts in what was then the city’s northwest corner. The city designated that narrow strip Baxter Street in 1872, and when subdividers eventually carved those empty tracts into housing developments in the late 1890s, they honored the surveyors’ lines and imposed a grid pattern on the hilly land. Then, the arrow-straight line of Baxter Street made some practical sense. As Matthew Roth of the Auto Club Archives noted in an interview, the road – like many of L.A.’s so-called secret stairways – functioned as a pedestrian access path for a streetcar line along present-day Echo Park Avenue.

Baxter later became a proving ground for automobiles, as manufacturers staged elaborate stunts to demonstrate their vehicles’ power. In one such event in 1916, a four-wheel-drive truck loaded with 4,300 pounds of baled hay groaned its way up the grade, pausing twice for newspaper cameras. Nearly 100 years later, Baxter Street continues to bewilder uncertain drivers and confound elongated vehicles.

Circa 1937 photo of Baxter Street, by Herman Schultheis, courtesy of the Herman J. Schultheis Collection​ – Los Angeles Public Library.

Dodge Truck on Baxter Street in 1916. Photo courtesy of the Southern California Edison Photographs and Negatives, The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens Photo Archives.

 This story originally appeared on the Los Angeles Magazine website on March 26, 2013. It has been updated and expanded here with additional images.